Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?

UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined .Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.

Nitrogen（氮） and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi（真菌） networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons（神經(jīng)元）in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend .She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow .When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

“We didn't take any notice of it.” Simard says sadly .“Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

1.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans

B. Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection

C. Trees Contribute To Our Society

D. Trees Are More Complex Than You Think

2.In Simard's opinion, trees _______

A. compete for survival

B. protect their own wealth

C. depend on each other

D. provide support for dying trees

3.We can learn from the passage that .

A. “mother trees” are usually of no use to other trees.

B. Charles Darwin had the same thought as Simard.

C. if “mother trees” are cut down, the survival for the entire forest will be affected.

D. people know much about the complex “tree societies”.

4.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .

A. how “tree societies” work

B. how trees grow old

C. how forestry industry develops

D. how young trees survive

Here is some information about several famous local bakeries(面包烤房) in Indiana, the US. They serve as a social gathering place for locals.

Maple Lane Bakery

At 8260 S. State Rd. Claypool, IN. (574) 566-2917, it offers a variety of cooked pies, cookies, and bread. With 20 years’ experience Maple Lane Bakery has specialized in the making of pies. The menu includes peach pie $7.19, berry pie $7.70, apple pie $7.19 and banana pie $6.99. Feel free to place an order at least 24 hours in advance.

Betty’s Cakes & Candy Shop

At 816 E. Winona Avenue Warsaw, IN. (574) 269-1231, it specializes in cakes and offers cookies and candies. The chocolate cookies are sold at $8.99 a dozen. Betty’s Cakes & Candy Shop, started half a century ago, specializes in wedding cakes and birthday cakes. Buying a cake from Betty’s will not disappoint you as they are always excellent.

Crepes’ Quality Bakery

At 217 S. Cavin Street Ligonier, IN. (260) 894-3024, this third generation bakery is located downtown Ligonier. It offers cookies and cupcakes, and specializes in rolls and bread. If you plan to buy cookies for the office or work area, you had better get there early as the building workers arrive just before 5:00 am waiting for the doors to open.

Olympia Candy Kitchen

At 136 N. Main Street Goshen, IN. (574) 533-5040, it has been welcoming visitors for almost a century in its unchanged location in downtown Goshen, Indiana. Its tradition began in 1912 when Greek Nicholas began making his own chocolates. Today this family-owned operation offers all kinds candies and boxed candies.

If you need an order, you should call ahead of time to see if they can meet your request.

1.Which of the following pies is the most expensive?

A. Peach pie. B. Banana pie.

C. Apple pie. D. Berry pie.

2.If you want to order a birthday cake, you are advised to call _________.

A. (574) 533-5040 B. (574) 269-1231

C. (260) 894-3024 D. (574) 566-2917

3.Which of the following bakeries has the shortest history?

A. Crepes’ Quality Bakery

B. Betty’s Cakes & Candy Shop

C. Olympia Candy Kitchen

D. Maple Lane Bakery

4.The author wrote this passage mainly to __________.

A. tell readers some travel information

B. persuade more people to eat pies

C. make the bakeries better known to readers

D. warn customers to order bakeries in advance

Have you read " 'To Kill a Mockingbird’ The only novel by Harper Lee offers moral lessons about racial justice and respect．It tells the story of a young girl named Scout and her father, Atticus Finch, a lawyer．He defends a black man ．

Tom Robinson wrongfully accused of raping（強(qiáng)奸）

a white woman．In the end, an all-white- jury （陪審團(tuán)）sentences Tom Robinson to death． The book is set in the American, South in the 1930s．

But it came out on July11th, 1960 as the civil rights movement in the United States was gaining strength.

Laws and customs in the South, however, still kept blacks and whites mostly separated．

A mockingbird is a land of gray songbird．The book

gets its title from something Atticus Finch was told in his

childhood when his father gave him a gun. Atticus Finch said, "I remember when my daddy first gave me that gun, he told me that I should never point at anything in the house, and that I could shoot all the blue jays I wanted, if I could hit them．But remember, it was a sin （罪過） to kill a mockingbird, for they don't hurt anyone, they just make music．"

Some people said, " 'To Kill a Mockingbird' treats racism in a way that is simplisite（過分單純化的）, even offensive to blacks, and out of date in today's America．" Still, it has been translated into more than forty languages and has sold over forty million copies. It is often required reading in high schools. Harper Lee won a Pulitzer Prize in America in 1961 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom of the United States for her contribution to literature in 2007.

The story takes place in a town that Harper Lee called Maycomb. But she based the characters on real people she knew growing up．Since then her hometown Monroeville has changed a lot．A number of African-Americans serve m the local government．The courthouse, made famous by the book, is now a museum．A small shop and a fast-food restaurant called Mel's Dairy Dream have replaced Harper Lee's childhood home．

1.We can learn from the passage that Harper Lee __．

A．has written more than-one novel in her life

B．lived in a town called Maycomb as a child

C．had been awarded two prizes in America by 2007

D．likes a mockingbird very much that makes music

2.According to the passage, __ in the novel “To Kill a Mockingbird” is compared to a Mockingbird．

A．Harper Lee B．Scout

C．Attricus Finch D．Tom Robison

3.What is the main idea of the 4th paragraph?

A．A mockingbird doesn't hurt anyone at all．

B．To tell readers how the novel gets its title,

C．A mockingbird is a kind of gray songbird．

D．To kill a mockingbird is more than a hunting．

4.We can infer from the passage that the novel "To Kill Mockingbird" __．

A．was published about 60 years ago

B．was very popular in the late 1930s

C．has been read by millions of high school students

D．gets its title from a story told by Harper Lee's father

With only a click of the mouse, rumors can be forwarded between microblogs very quickly. As an example, recently, perceptive netizens discovered that some photos displayed on microblogs depicting Beijing’s June rainstorm had actually been fabricated.

Sina. com is one of the major internet portals(門戶網(wǎng)站) in China with hundreds and thousands of users, and a majority of celebrities and renowned citizens have their microblog accounts on this portal. As recently as six months ago, the website decided to establish a specialized team to verify rumors and provide accurate information for its users. Tan Chao is in charge of the team.

“Before I took the job, I usually couldn’t identify what information was real and what was fake. But during the rumor verification process, we discovered that a lot of information was false, including fake photos, fake news stories and rumors that had been spread through microblogs.”

It‘s not just website portals which are taking on fact-checking responsibilities, but also a number of civic-minded netizens, who recently set up a Rumor Verification Federation on Sina.com’s microblog system to help netizens identify fake information online.

Dianzizheng is the team leader of the federation. He says they’ve publicized more than 150 pieces which refute rumors, which attracted more than 10 thousand visitors within two months.

“We live in an age of new media, so we can’t use the old methods to verify rumors. We can’t wait for the media to verify the facts with related administrative departments and then release a formal announcement. We can’t allow rumors to run rampant and then deal with it, we need to fight rumors while they’re spreading. I think that this is the best way to deal with rumors nowadays.”

Some experts say this demonstrates the advantages of the internet compared to other traditional media. The open platform allows information to be examined and clarified by netizens. But experts like Ding Wenguo, President of the Journalism and Communication College at the China University of Political Science and Law says this self-correction function of the internet is still quite limited.

“It’s still quite difficult to tell which information is true in such an open environment by just reading a number of different opinions on the same issue. This is something which we need to pay attention to. If society is deluged with too much false information, and it’s allowed to spread in such a fast manner, then people will be suspicious of all kinds of information including important information from authorities. It also exacerbates(惡化) problems relating to social communications and mutual-understanding, which in turn harms society as a whole.”

Experts suggest that the government should react more quickly in the internet age. Once a rumor begins to spread, administrative departments should make announcements as early as possible to dispel rumors before they lead to bad outcomes.

1.Sina.com decided to found a specialized team to ____.

A. limit the number of microblogs

B. advance the development of microblogs

C. prevent the spread of rumors on the Internet

D. urge the government to react quickly to the rumors

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. All the rumors have been spread through microblogs.

B. Sina.com is the most popular Internet portal in China.

C. The photos displayed on microblogs might be fake.

D. Traditional media tend to get rumors examined and clarified.

3.The underlined word "fabricated" in the first paragraph can be replaced by "_ _".

A. dug out B. made up

C. got round D. given away

4.The writer cited Ding Wenguo's words in Paragraph 8 to _ _.

A. draw a conclusion B. support an argument

C. introduce a topic D. describe a scene

短文填詞(共10題;每題1分,滿分10分)

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1）漢語提示，2）首字母提示，3）語境提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單詞,所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫正確。

One day while walking through the woods, an old man found a cocoon(繭) of a butterfly. Heb 1. it home. A few days later, a small opening appeared, he watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop 2. (取得)any progress .It appeared as if it could hardly go further .Then the man decided to h 3. the butterfly, so he took a p4. of scissors to cut the cocoon. The butterfly then came out easily.

But it can never 5. (飛).The man didn’t understand the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening was just the nature's way of forcing fluid (液體) from the body of the butterfly 6. its wings, which would be ready for flight once it achieved its 7. (自由)from the cocoon.

Sometimes struggles are exactly 8. we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through our life 9. any struggling, it would weaken us seriously .We would not be as 10. (強(qiáng)壯) as what we could have been.

和睦的家庭有利于孩子的個性發(fā)展和家人的身心健康。請你根據(jù)表格中的信息和自身的感受，以How we can build up a harmonious family 為題用英語寫一篇短文。

注意：1.對所有要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯。

2．詞數(shù)120左右，開頭已經(jīng)寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。

3．作文中不得提及有關(guān)考生個人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

How we can build up a harmonious family

A harmonious family is essential to our personal development and our physical and mental health.

____________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

I have found no convincing as to the truth of the accident, so I have to reserve my judgment for the moment.

A. balance B. appearance

C. evidence D. intelligence

When you are working on a tight schedule, drinking a cup of tea, having a healthy snack and taking exercise are all positive ways to give you a sense of .

A. identity B. relief

C. responsibility D. guilt

The rescuers in Africa say it is worse than ever as disease and starvation to kill thousands.

A. combine B. succeed

C. gather D. respond

If I hadn’t given up after the heavy defeat, the situation I am in now would be totally different.

A. selecting B. surviving

C. settling D. suffering