【題目】The storm left, __________ a lot of damage to the city.

A. cause B. caused C. had caused D. having caused

【題目】One Sunday, my family had gathered at my parents’ house to feast upon Mom’s wonderful cooking．During the normal dinner chatter, I noticed that my father was slurring （說話含混） his words．No one mentioned this during dinner, but I felt compelled to discuss it with my mother afterward．

We decided that there was something seriously wrong and that Dad needed to see the doctor．

Mom phoned me two days later．“The doctor found a brain tumor （腫瘤）．It’s too large at this point to operate．Maybe they can do something then, but the odds are long．”

Even with the treatment, my father’s condition worsened, and the doctor finally informed us that this condition was terminal．During one of his stays in the hospital, we brought our baby daughter Chelsey with us when we visited him．By this time he had great difficulty speaking．I finally figured out that he wanted Chelsey to sit on his stomach so he could make faces at her．

Watching the two of them together, I realized I was living an experience that would stay with me forever．Though grateful for the times they could share, I couldn’t shake the feeling of a clock ticking in the background．

On the visit to my parents’ home during what we all know was my father’s last days, my mother took Chelsey from my arms and announced, “Your father would like to see you alone for a minute．”

I entered the bedroom where my father lay on a rented hospital bed．He appeared even weaker than the day before．

“How are you feeling, Dad?” I asked．“Can I do anything for you?”

He tried to speak, but he couldn’t make out a word．

“I’m sorry, but I can’t understand you,” I said．

With great difficulty he said, “I love you．”

We don’t learn courage from heroes on the evening news．We learn true courage from watching ordinary people rise above hopeless situations．In many ways my father was a strict, uncommunicative man．He found it difficult to show emotion．The bravest thing I ever saw him do was overcome that barrier to open his heart to his son and family at the end of his life．

【1】Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．The writer accompanied his father to a medical examination．

B．The writer’s father got worse after the removal of the brain tumor．

C．The writer’s father had known about his illness before the writer discovered it．

D．The writer was quick to notice the strange condition of his father．

【2】What does the underlined sentence “the odds are long” mean?

A．It takes a long time for Father to recover．

B．There’s little possibility for Father to recover．

C．Father needs love and care from his family．

D．They need a proper time to operate on Father．

【3】The father had never said “I love you” to the writer before because______．

A．he was not used to openly showing his emotions

B．he was not so attached to the writer

C．he thought there was no need to tell the writer

D．he believed in strictness and punishment

【4】What does the writer attempt to tell us?

A．Life is short, so live your life to the fullest．

B．Don’t wait to see a doctor till it is too late．

C．Bravely express your love for your family．

D．We don’t often value health until we lose it．

【題目】The cure for sleeping problems can often be found in your daily routine. Your day-to-day lifestyle choices greatly influence the quality of your nightly rest. The following tips will help you to get a better sleep.

Set a regular bedtime. 【1】 Choose a time when you normally feel tired to go to bed so that you don’t toss and turn for hours before falling asleep. Try not to break this routine at the weekend, when you may want to stay up late. If you want to change your bedtime, help your body adjust (適應) by making the change gradually.

【2】 If you can’t avoid the noise of barking dogs, loud neighbors, city traffic, or other people in your household, try masking (掩蓋) it with a fan, recordings of smoothing (舒緩的) sounds, or white noise. You can buy a special sound machine or produce your own white noise by setting your radio between stations. 【3】 .

Keep your room cool. 【4】 Most people sleep best in a slightly cool room (around 65℉ or 18℃). A bedroom that is too hot or cold is not good for your sleep.

【5】 You should have enough room to sleep comfortably. If you often wake up with a sore back or an aching neck, you may need to buy a new mattress (床墊) or a different pillow.

A. Try to keep the noise down.

B. Earplugs (耳塞) may also help.

C. Make sure your bed is comfortable.

D. Go to bed at the same time every night.

E. Spend more time outside in the daytime.

F. The temperature of your bedroom also affects your sleep.

G. If you are getting enough sleep, you should wake up naturally without an alarm.

【題目】If you really want to go green, here’s good news: eating green is good for you. The very foods with a high carbon cost---meat, pork, dairy products, processed snacks---also tend to be filled with fat and calories. A green diet would be mostly vegetables and fruits, whole grains, fish and lean meats like chicken---a diet that’s eco- and waistline-friendly. Eating green can be healthier and beneficial to the climate.
It may be hard to believe that a meal at McDonald’s produces more carbon than your trip to a far away place. More than 37% of the world’s land is used for agriculture, much of which was once forested. Deforestation (砍伐森林) is a major source of carbon. The fertilizer (化肥) and machinery needed on a modern farm also have a large carbon footprint, as does the network of ships and trucks that brings the food from the farm to your plate.
The most efficient way to reduce the carbon footprint of your menu is to eat less meat, especially beef. Raising cattle takes a lot more energy than growing the equivalent (相等的) amount of grains, fruits or vegetables. What’s more, the majority of cattle in the U.S. are fed on grain and loads of it---670 million tons in 2002---and the fertilizer used to feed that creates separate environmental problems.
Focus on eating lower on the food chain, with more plants and fruits and less meat and dairy. It’s simple. We can change today what goes into our bodies for the health of our planet and ourselves.

【1】According to the passage, eating green will_____.
A. protect the animals from being killed
B. promote the development of agriculture
C. help us lose weight and keep self-confidence
D. be good for our health and make a change for the climate
【2】What will not lead to carbon in the agriculture?
A. Deforestation B. Fertilizer

C. Machinery D. Grains
【3】In the author’s opinion, the most efficient way to reduce carbon is to_____.
A. eat more vegetables than meat

B. stop raising the cattle
C. plant more grains

D. use less fertilizer
【4】What is the passage mainly about?
A. The benefits of eating green.

B. How to reduce the carbon.
C. The change of our menu.

D. The ways of keeping healthy.

【題目】 Once upon a time there were two smart boys. Their talents were obvious from an early age. They knew they were special, and they desired that, in the future, everyone would admit how great they were.
They developed in a different way. The first boy had a successful career. He took part in all kinds of competitions, visited the most important people and places. No one doubted that he would be the wisest and most important person in the land.
The second boy always felt a heavy responsibility. He would feel obliged to help others. This didn’t leave him enough time to follow his dreams of greatness. He was busy looking for ways to help others. As a result, he was a much-loved and well-known person in his small circle.
A disaster took place, spreading misery (痛苦) there. The first man had never come across anything like this, and he failed to improve the situation. The second man was used to solving all kinds of problems, and had such useful know-how in certain subjects. So the disaster hardly affected the people at all. His methods were adopted there, and the name of this man spread even wider. Indeed, he was elected the governor of the nation.
The first man understood the greatest wisdom is from the things we do in life, from the impact (影響) we have on others, and from the need to improve ourselves. He never again took part in competitions. Instead, he always took books with him to be ready to help others.
【1】The passage is mainly developed by ______.
A. following the space order. B. making comparisons
C. giving examples D. explaining the reason

【2】The underlined word “obliged”, in the third paragraph, means “______”.
A. responsible B. necessary

C. worried D. comfortable
【3】What can we learn about the two young men?
A. Both of them tried hard to deal with the disaster.
B. The second man wanted to have a successful career.
C. The second man wanted to take part in competitions.
D. The first man was a much-loved and well-known person in the land.

【題目】__________ the task, they had to stay in the lab for another two hours.

A. Not completing B. Not completed

C. Not having completed D. Having not completed

【題目】Cultural events that take place in Edinburgh during August draw most people’s attention, but plenty of other festivals can also entertain you throughout the rest of the year.

Ceilidh Culture Festival

Where: various places

When: Date late Mar/early Apr

Tel & website: 228 1155, www.ceilidhculrure.co.uk

Backed by the local authorities, this is a community-focused celebration of traditional Scottish music, dance, song and storytelling. City-wide over a period of nearly four weeks, prices are different for different events.

Beltane Fire Festival

Where: Calton Hill, Calton Hill & Broughton

When: 30 Apr

Website: www. beltane.org

An ancient tradition marking the transition (轉(zhuǎn)變) from winter to spring, the Beltane fire festival was revived (恢復) in the 1980s and has grown into quite a drama: fire, costume, body-paint, dancing and drumming. If the weather holds, it can attract up to 12,000 people. Tickets cost around ￡5 in advance from the Hub; a limited number are available for ￡7 on the night.

Doors Open Day

Where: various places

When: weekend, late Sept

Tel & Website: 557 8686, www.cockburnassociation.org.uk

Each year, heritage (遺產(chǎn)) body the Cockburn Association works with organizations and individuals (個人) to allow public access to buildings that few people usually get to see---everything from private homes to lighthouses. It’s all free.

Capital Christmas

Where: various places

When: late Nov till early Jan

Website: www.edinburghschristmas.com

What started out as a few accidental events has grown into a large, popular, city-wide festival. The main part is the Winter Wonderland in Princes Street Gardens, including fairground (露天市場) rides, crafts market, a skating rink (溜冰場) and the Edinburgh Wheel (a Ferris wheel next to the Scott Monument).

【1】If you want to find out more about the Ceilidh Cultural Festival, you can visit_____ .

A. www. ceilidhculrure.co.uk

B. www.cockburnassociation.org.uk

C. www.edinburghschristmas.com

D. www. beltane.org

【2】Why do people celebrate the Beltane Fire Festival?

A. To celebrate traditional Scottish music.

B. To exhibit ancient architecture.

C. To celebrate the transition from winter to spring

D. To celebrate the invention of fire.

【3】Doors Open Day may be on______ .

A. a Monday in late September

B. a Saturday in late September

C. a Saturday in late November

D. a Monday in late November

【題目】Occasionally, my father came back drunk. Late at night, he beat on the door, pleading to my mother to open it .He was on his way home from drinking, gambling, or some combination thereof, misspending money that we could have used and wasting time that we desperately needed.

It was the late-1970s. My parents were separated. My mother was now raising a group of boys on her own. My father spouted off about what he planned to do for us, buy for us. In fact, he had no intention of doing anything. As a father who was supposed to love us, in fact, he lacked the understanding of what it truly meant to love a child—or to hurt one. To him, this was a harmless game that kept us excited and begging. In fact, it was a cruel, corrosive lie. I lost faith in his words and in him. I wanted to stop caring, but I couldn’t.

Maybe it was his own complicated relationship to his father and his father’s family that caused him cold. Maybe it was the pain and guilt associated with a life of misfortune. Who knows. Whatever it was, it stole him from us, and particularly from me.

While my brothers talked about breaking and fixing things, I spent many of my evenings reading and wondering. My favorite books were a set of encyclopedias(百科全書) given by my uncle. They allowed me to explore the world beyond my world, to travel without leaving, to dream dreams greater than my life would otherwise have supported. But losing myself in my own mind also meant that I was completely lost to my father. Not understanding me, he simply ignored me—not just emotionally, but physically as well. Never once did he hug me, never once a pat on the back or a hand on the shoulder or a tousling of the hair.

My best memories of him were from his episodic attempts at engagement with us. During the longest of these episodes（插曲）, once every month or two, he would come pick us up and drive us down the interstate to Trucker’s Paradise, a seedy, smoke-filled, truck stop with gas pumps, a convenience store, a small dining area and a game room through a door in the back. My dad gave each of us a handful of quarters, and we played until they were gone. He sat up front in the dining area, drinking coffee and being particular about the restaurant’s measly offerings.

I loved these days. To me, Trucker’s Paradise was paradise. The quarters and the games were fun but easily forgotten. It was the presence of my father that was most treasured. But, of course, these trips were short-lived.

It wasn’t until I was much older that I would find something that I would be able to cling to as evidence of my father’s love.

When the Commodore 64 personal computer debuted, I convinced myself that I had to have it even though its price was out of my mother’s range. So I decided to earn the money myself. I mowed every yard I could find that summer for a few dollars each, yet it still wasn’t enough. So my dad agreed to help me raise the rest of the money by driving me to one of the watermelon farms south of town, loading up his truck with wholesale melons and driving me around to sell them. He came for me before daybreak. We made small talk, but it didn’t matter. The fact that he was talking to me was all that mattered. I was a teenager by then, but this was the first time that I had ever spent time alone with him. He laughed and repeatedly introduced me as “my boy,” a phrase he relayed with a sense of pride. It was one of the best days of my life.

Although he had never told me that he loved me, I would cling to that day as the greatest evidence of that fact. He had never intended me any wrong. He just didn’t know how to love me right. He wasn’t a mean man. So I took these random episodes and clung to them like a thing most precious, storing them in my mind for the long stretches of coldness when a warm memory would prove most useful.

It just goes to show that no matter how friendless the father, no matter how deep the damage, no matter how shattered the bond, there is still time, still space, still a need for even the smallest bit of evidence of a father’s love.

“My boy.”

【1】From the passage, the father was_____ in the writer’s memory.

A. selfish and cruel B. proud and cold

C. imperfect but loving D. shy but thoughtful

【2】The writer used not to feel Father’s true love because______ .

A．father showed his love but had no good way to express himself to his children

B．he just lost himself in his own mind without getting close to his father

C．father was too busy so unable to communicate with his children enough

D. he had a prejudice（偏見） and was too stubborn to feel it

【3】The underlined phrase “cling to” can be replaced by __________.

A.catch hold of B. depend on

C. stick to D. keep

【4】From the last parts (para7-11), we can infer that ______ .

A．father liked to show off his family before others

B．I couldn't understand Father’s love unless he expressed to me

C．father intended to show a loving father he was but failed.

D．I would definitely treasure all the small love from father

【5】What’s the right order of the episodes?

1. His dad agreed to help him.

2. The Commodore 64 personal computer was just on sale.

3. The writer decided to buy it and earn the money himself.

4 His dad drove the writer to one of the watermelon farms south of town, loaded up his truck with wholesale melons and drove the writer around to sell them.

5. The writer didn’t have enough money.

A. 23541 B. 23514 C.32541 D. 32514

【6】What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Remembrances of my father B. Father and son

C. My boy D. The past days

【題目】Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves – all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.

1. Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)

Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery.

Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.

Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein. He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.

2. Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)

Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid. But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria called Helicobacter pylori.

So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting each morning – he indeed had gastritis.

3. Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)

This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer.

Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.

With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies（療法）. Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.

【1】The main purpose of the passage is to ________.

A. present some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize winners did on themselves.

B. list difficulties that scientists went through in order to make important discoveries.

C. explain why some scientists chose to experiment on themselves.

D. introduce a few Nobel prize winners who did experiments on themselves.

【2】 Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?

A. Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure.

B. Forssmann had the pipe pushed all the way into his heart.

C. Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori.

D. Barry Marshall’s experiment on himself confirmed that most doctors’ belief about gastritis was correct.

【3】The underlined word “gastritis” in Paragraph 5 probably means ______.

A. a kind of bacteria B. a kind of stomach disease

C. a new type of therapy D. a large aount of stomach acid

【4】From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman ______.

A. discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cell

B. tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himself

C. had his request to experiment on patients denied

D. believed that he was better than doctors at treating cancer

【5】Where can we read such a passage?

A. In a newspaper. B. In a poster.

C. In a textbook. D. In a science book.

【題目】Easy ________ by car, bus, train, bike or on foot, Warwick Castle is surrounded by historic buildings and many attractions.

A. reaching B. reached

C. to reach D. to be reached