2、-ing形式的基本用法。

　　　 (1)作主語(yǔ)：Seeing is believing.百聞不如一見(jiàn)。Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果其結(jié)構(gòu)較長(zhǎng)，可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將作主語(yǔ)的-ing后置。如：It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.

　　　 (2)作表語(yǔ)：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.

　　　 (3)作賓語(yǔ)：①作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。She likes drawing very much.；②作某些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。 Mary is thinking of going back to New York.；③ do+限定詞(my, some, any, the等)+ -ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon? ④作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：Her sister is good at learning physics.；⑤作形容詞worth, busy等的賓語(yǔ)：This book is well worth reading. –ing作賓語(yǔ)帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用it作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而將作賓語(yǔ)的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again?

　　　 (4)作定語(yǔ)：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注：-ing形式作定語(yǔ)用時(shí)，如果-ing只是一個(gè)單詞，就位于其修飾的名詞之前，如果是-ing短語(yǔ)，就位于其修飾的名詞之后，-ing作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，被-ing所修飾的名詞就是該-ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)。另外，-ing作定語(yǔ)用時(shí)，其動(dòng)作和句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的，如果不是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的，就不能用-ing作定語(yǔ)，要使用定語(yǔ)從句，如：The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well.

　　　 (5)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 注：當(dāng)-ing在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用時(shí)，句中賓語(yǔ)就是這個(gè)-ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)，可以帶有這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。

　　　 (6)作狀語(yǔ)：①時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother. 分詞在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其前一般可加when或while，如：When crossing street, you must be careful. ②原因狀語(yǔ)：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. ③方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.

1、-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物動(dòng)詞的-ing還有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而不及物動(dòng)詞的-ing則沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)�，F(xiàn)在以及物動(dòng)詞make 和不及物動(dòng)詞go為例，將其-ing各種形式列表如下：

38. ---- What do you think about English?　　　　　 ---- It's a difficult language _____.

A. speaking　　　　　 B. to be spoken　　　 C. to speak　　　　　 D. spoken

語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)十二：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(二)--動(dòng)詞-ing形式

(二)-ing形式：動(dòng)詞的-ing形式也是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。-ing形式仍保留有動(dòng)詞的特征，可以帶有其所需要的賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)而構(gòu)成-ing短語(yǔ)。

37. I really don't know ____ .

　　 A. to swim　　　 B. how to swim　　 C. to swim how　　　 D. how swim

36. We all think it most foolish ______ this mistake.

A. for you making　　 B. of you to make　　 C. you to make　　　　 D. for you to make

35. He told her ______ there at once.

　　 A. get　　　　　　　　 B. gets　　　　　　　　 C. should get　　　　　 D. to get

34. We did not expect our offer _____ so quickly.

　　 A. rejected　　　　　　 B. to reject　　 .　　　 C. to be rejected　　　 D. rejecting

33. It ______ me two hours to find your new house.

　　 A. cost　　　　　　　 B. took　　　　　　　 C. spent　　　　　　 D. used

32. It's very foolish _____ it?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　 A. for you to say　 　　B. of you to say　　　 C. with you saying　　 D. in your saying

31. _____ is better to love than _____ .

　　 A. That, to be loved　 B. That, be loved　　　 C. It, be loved　　　 D. It, to be loved