【題目】閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

If the crust (外殼) of the earth were not pretty solid (堅(jiān)固的), it would be shaking about and moving up and down frequently. However, there are places in the rocks of the earth’s crust where it isn’t strongly held together—where faults exist. Along the faults, one rock might push against another with great force. The energy is changed to vibration in the rocks, so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake!

The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco earthquake of 1906. Seven hundred people died and property (財(cái)產(chǎn)) damage amounted to about $425,000,000.The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.

One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon, Portugal, in 1755. The city was destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about seventyfive thousand people. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty thousand people were killed.

Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo, Japan, and in Gansu Province in China. The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the city of Yokohama, too. The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three hundred square miles and killed about two hundred thousand people.

【1】The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.

A. where earthquakes happen

B. how earthquakes happen

C. the damage caused by earthquakes

D. famous earthquakes in the world

【2】The underlined word “vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “_______”.

A. shaking B. force C. energy D. losing

【3】Which of the following earthquakes killed the most people?

A. The San Francisco earthquake.

B. The earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal.

C. The earthquake in Calabria and Sicily.

D. The earthquake in central Italy.

【4】According to the passage, we can learn that ________.

A. the earth’s crust in Europe is weaker than that in other places

B. there were 75,000 people killed in the San Francisco earthquake

C. the city of Yokohama was not greatly influenced by the Tokyo quake

D. the fires following the San Francisco earthquake caused more damage than the earthquake did

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

本文介紹了地震起因及歷史上幾次大地震。

【1】1．B．主旨大意題。通讀第一段可知，本段介紹了地震的起因。

【2】2．A．詞義猜測(cè)題。一塊巖石有可能用力擠壓另一塊巖石，地殼的能量發(fā)生了改變導(dǎo)致巖石晃動(dòng)，于是地震發(fā)生了。vibration意為“晃動(dòng)”，故A項(xiàng)正確。

【3】3．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句中…in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about seventy-five thousand people.可知，C項(xiàng)正確。

【4】4．D．細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.可知，D項(xiàng)正確。

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