Question

【題目】 A study has found that warmer waters off North America's West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before.

The study was a project of scientists from the University of California, Davis. The scientists examined waters off the coast of Northern California in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The researchers say they recognized a local of 67 species（ 物種）between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a "marine heat wave". Marine heatwaves were explained in the study as "period of extreme sea surface temperatures lasting for days to months". The 2014-2016 heatwave is thought to be the largest ever recorded. The warn water later moved south toward California.

The warmer water were partly a product of El Nio conditions during the same period, researcher noted. El Nio develops when winds off the coast of South America weaken. This enabled warm water in the western Pacific to move eastward. El Nio often causes ocean temperatures in the area to rise between 2 to 4 degrees Celsius, the study found.

The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. These creatures are native to an area hundreds of kilometers to the south, mainly around Baja California in Mexico. A few were even found north of California, off the state of Oregon. The northward travel of so many different sea creatures was considered "unprecedented"（史無(wú)前例的）by the researchers. Among the species found in the study were a meat-eating sea slug that hunts other sea slugs, a sea snail "butterfly" and purple-lined jellyfish. Another unexpected visitor was the pelagic red crab, which researchers said had only been found in areas off the coast of Mexico.

Scientists involved in the study believe the findings can provide valuable information for knowing future sea life reactions to warming oceans.

【1】What is a marine heat wave according to the passage?

A.An ocean with rough surface.

B.A wave with low temperatures.

C.A period of warmer ocean surface water.

D.A species living in extreme weather.

【2】What contributes to El Nio conditions?

A.Warmer waters.B.Weakened winds off South America.

C.Colder sea surface.D.Species moving northward.

【3】Why does the author mention the men-eat in sea lug in paragraph 4?

A.To point out that ocean environment becomes worse.

B.To suggest that sea creatures need separate living space.

C.To prove that many kinds of sea life can adapt to warmer waters.

D.To evidence that ocean temperature along California are higher than before.

【4】What can be inferred from the passage?

A.The heatwaves disturb the life of many sea creatures.

B.The increased temperature benefits many sea creatures.

C.Sea life reactions can be valuable to predict future heatwaves.

D.The heatwaves cause many unexpected visitors to move southward.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文說(shuō)明了海洋熱浪致美國(guó)大量海洋生物異常北遷。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“Marine heatwaves were explained in the study as "period of extreme sea surface temperatures lasting for days to months”可知，這項(xiàng)研究將海洋熱浪解釋為“持續(xù)數(shù)天至數(shù)月的極端海面溫度上升期。所以根據(jù)文章，海洋熱浪是一段海洋表層水變暖的時(shí)期。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“El Nio develops when winds off the coast of South America weaken”可知，當(dāng)南美洲海岸的風(fēng)減弱時(shí)，厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象就會(huì)發(fā)展。所以南美洲減弱的風(fēng)促使了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】推理判斷題。由最后段“The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. Among the species found in the study were a meat-eating sea slug that hunts other sea slugs”可知，研究人員報(bào)告說(shuō)，他們研究的67個(gè)物種中，有37個(gè)在加利福尼亞北部從未被觀察。到在這項(xiàng)研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)的種類包括一種捕食其他海蛞蝓的食肉海蛞蝓。所以研究的67個(gè)物種中，有37個(gè)在加利福尼亞北部從未被觀察，可知這些生物現(xiàn)在此地被發(fā)現(xiàn)而以前沒(méi)有被發(fā)現(xiàn)是因?yàn)楦Ｄ醽喲匕兜暮Ｑ鬁囟缺纫郧案�。所以為什么作者在第四段中提到了食肉海蛞蝓就是為了證明加利福尼亞沿岸的海洋溫度比以前高了。故選D項(xiàng)。

【4】推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第一段“A study has found that warmer waters off North America's West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before”可知，一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，北美洲西海岸溫暖的海水導(dǎo)致許多種類的海洋生物比以往任何時(shí)候都向北方移動(dòng)，所以海洋熱浪致美國(guó)大量海洋生物異常北遷。這是一種被迫性地遷移。所以根據(jù)海洋生物的被迫遷移可以判斷出，熱浪擾亂了許多海洋生物的生活。故選A項(xiàng)。