Question

【題目】For thousands of years comets have been a mystery to man. They travel across the sky very fast and have a bright “tail” of burning gas. The comet Tempel 1 has an orbit far outside the orbit of the furthest planet in our solar system, Pluto. It has been there for 4.6 billion years, 133 million kilometers from Earth.Once a little American spacecraft crashed into Tempel 1. The spacecraft had a camera and it took a photograph of the comet every minute before it finally crashed into its surface.

The space mission to Tempel 1 cost $335 million and was called Deep Impact. The spacecraft was traveling at 37,000 kilometers per hour when it hit the comet and the crash completely destroyed the spacecraft. But before it hit the comet, the spacecraft took some amazing photographs. The last one was a closeup picture which the spacecraft took just 3 seconds before it crashed into the comet.

“Right now we have lost one spacecraft，” said a delighted NASA engineer. Deep Impact was like an American Independence Day fireworks display. It took many years to plan and ended in an enormous explosion.

The spacecraft which crashed into the comet was made of copper and was the size of a washing machine. It was dropped from a mothership into the path of the comet and the mothership then photographed the cloud of ice, dust and organic chemicals that rose from the surface of the comet after the crash.

The crash completely destroyed the spacecraft but nothing really happened to the comet: experts believe that the crash slowed the comet down by no more than 1/10,000 of a millimeter a second. The aim of the mission was to study for the first time the interior of a comet.

The mothership was 480 km from the explosion and observed the crash and the explosion with instruments for 800 seconds. Seven satellites, including the Hubble space telescope, watched the moment of drama, and over the next day and night about 50 telescopes on Earth were watching the distant comet.

【1】How many hours did it take for the spacecraft from the earth to touch the comet Tempel 1?

A. About 2,500. B. About 3,500.

C. About 4,500. D. About 5,500.

【2】Which of the following shows the possible orbits and positions of the comet Tempel 1?

S＝Solar　　　　　P＝Pluto

T＝Tempel 1

A. B.

C. D.

【3】Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word in Paragraph 5?

A. Position. B. Relation.

C. Inside. D. Distance.

【4】The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to________.

A. inform people the discovery of a new comet

B. show the power of America in space

C. introduce the knowledge of comets

D. introduce an experiment

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一次人類用飛船撞擊彗星的實(shí)驗(yàn)，使用衛(wèi)星對(duì)撞擊的情況進(jìn)行拍攝，以研究彗星的更多信息。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句It has been there for 4.6 billion years, 133 million kilometers from Earth.可知Tempel 1離地球133million公里；根據(jù)第二段第二句The spacecraft was traveling at 37,000 kilometers per hour可知宇宙飛船的速度是37000公里每小時(shí)。所以大約要飛行3500小時(shí)。故B項(xiàng)正確。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句The comet Tempel 1 has an orbit far outside the orbit of the furthest planet in our solar system, Pluto.可知Tempel 1的軌道位于冥王星的外面，而冥王星是太陽(yáng)系的恒星之一。故C圖是正確的圖示。

【3】猜測(cè)詞意題。根據(jù)本句The aim of the mission was to study for the first time the interior of a comet.可知這次使命的目標(biāo)是通過飛行器撞擊彗星，來(lái)研究彗星的內(nèi)部構(gòu)造。故劃線詞意為inside。故C項(xiàng)正確。

【4】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了一次人類使用飛船撞擊彗星的實(shí)驗(yàn)，使用衛(wèi)星對(duì)撞擊的情況進(jìn)行拍攝，以研究彗星的更多信息。故D項(xiàng)正確。

本文小題1考查了細(xì)節(jié)題中的數(shù)字計(jì)算題，第一段第四句It has been there for 4.6 billion years, 133 million kilometers from Earth.可知Tempel 1離地球133million公里；根據(jù)第二段第二句The spacecraft was traveling at 37,000 kilometers per hour可知宇宙飛船的速度是37000公里每小時(shí)。通過簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算可知大約要飛行3500小時(shí)。這是細(xì)節(jié)題常見的考查題型。

此類試題一般要求考生能根據(jù)閱讀材料中給出的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，找出計(jì)算關(guān)系，通過計(jì)算，得出正確的結(jié)論。這類計(jì)算一般來(lái)說(shuō)比較簡(jiǎn)單，關(guān)鍵是要弄清各數(shù)據(jù)間的邏輯關(guān)系，選準(zhǔn)比較的數(shù)據(jù)，弄清單位換算關(guān)系，確定計(jì)算方法，問題便迎刃而解了。對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)較多、項(xiàng)目復(fù)雜用時(shí)間或空間跨度較大的短文，通�？刹捎�“列表法”，即按一定的規(guī)律將數(shù)據(jù)分門別類地列出，化模糊為清晰，為計(jì)算打下基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)于相對(duì)不太復(fù)雜的數(shù)據(jù)，可采用“推算法”，即以有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)為基準(zhǔn)，進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的運(yùn)算就可得出。