Question

【題目】請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

注意：每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。

You can relax if remembering everything is not your strong suit. Recent research makes the case that being forgetful can be a strength—in fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.

Traditional research on memory has focused on the advantages of remembering everything. But looking through years of recent memory data, researchers Paul Frankland and Blake Richards of the University of Toronto found that the neurobiology（神經(jīng)生物學(xué)） of forgetting can be just as important to our decisionmaking as what our minds choose to remember.

“The goal of memory is not the transmission of information through time. Rather, the goal of memory is to help improve decisionmaking. As such, transience(轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝) is as important as persistence in memory systems，” their study in Neuron states.

Making intelligent decisions does not mean you need to have all the information at hand, it just means you need to hold onto the most valuable information. And that means clearing up space in your memory palace for the most uptodate information on situations. Our brains do this by generating new neurons(神經(jīng)元) in our hippocampus(海馬體), which have the power to overwrite existing memories that are influencing our decisionmaking.

“If you're trying to deal with the situation and your brain is constantly bringing up multiple conflicting memories, that makes it harder for you to make a wise decision，” Richards told Science Daily.

If you want to increase the number of new neurons in your brain's learning region, try exercising. Moderate aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking, and swimming have been found to increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.

When we forget the names of certain clients and details about old jobs, our brain is making a choice that these details do not matter. Although too much forgetfulness can be a cause for concern, the occasional lost detail can be a sign of a perfectly healthy memory system. The researchers found that our brains facilitate decisionmaking by stopping us from focusing too much on minor past details. Instead, the brain promotes generalization, helping us remember the most important gist of a conversation.

“One of the things that distinguishes an environment where you're going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life，” Richards said.

If you're an analyst who meets with a client weekly, your brain will recognize that this is a client whose name and story you need to remember. If this is someone you may never meet again, your brain will weigh that information accordingly.

These findings show us that total recall can be overrated. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.

Title：Being Forgetful Might Actually Mean You're 【1】

Introduction	Recent research proves that being forgetful can be a strength, for forgetting and selective memory are of 【2】importance in our decisionmaking.
The goal of memory	People take advantage of memory to make good decisions rather than 【3】 information.
【4】 of being forgetful	It helps us forget outdated information.	●Making wise decisions involves the existing memories making 【5】for the latest information. ●Meanwhile, too much contradictory information in memory can do harm to our decisionmaking. ●Exercising helps increase neurons, contributing to our 【6】 decisionmaking.
	It helps us see the big 【7】．	●After 【8】the information it gets, the brain chooses to focus on the key points, occasionally forgetting unimportant past details. ●Whether to remember or forget particular stuff is 【9】by the degree of the consistency of the environment and the 【10】 of things reappearing later in life.
Conclusion	Our brains are working smarter when aiming to remember the right stories, not every story.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Smarter

【2】equal

【3】transmit

【4】Advantages/Benefits

【5】way/space/room

【6】improved/better

【7】picture

【8】weighing/comparing

【9】determined/decided

【10】likelihood/chance/possibility/probability

【解析】

本文是說(shuō)明文，大腦通過(guò)權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無(wú)關(guān)緊要的信息，選擇性遺忘會(huì)使我們的大腦更聰明。

【1】考查對(duì)文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)文章最后一段These findings show us that total recall can be overrated. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.可知研究結(jié)果表明當(dāng)我們只記住重點(diǎn)而不是所有內(nèi)容時(shí)，選擇性遺忘會(huì)使我們的大腦更聰明。與句中Our brains are working smarter一致，故填Smarter.

【2】考查對(duì)文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第一段……being forgetful can be a strength—in fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.和第二段……that the neurobiology of forgetting can be just as important to our decisionmaking as what our minds choose to remember.可知健忘可能是一種力量——事實(shí)上，選擇性記憶和我們的決定一樣重要。根據(jù)as important as,故填equal.

【3】考查對(duì)文章的理解和動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)第三段中The goal of memory is not the transmission of information through time. Rather, the goal of memory is to help improve decisionmaking.可知記憶的目標(biāo)不是通過(guò)時(shí)間傳遞信息。相反,記憶的目標(biāo)是幫助提高決定。根據(jù)the transmission of information此處用其動(dòng)詞形式，故填transmit.

【4】考查對(duì)文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)本項(xiàng)內(nèi)容中It helps us forget outdated information.和It helps us see the big ____7____．可知此項(xiàng)是介紹健忘的好處或優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故填Advantages/Benefits.

【5】考查對(duì)文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)第四段And that means clearing up space in your memory palace for the most uptodate information on situations.可知健忘能夠清理大腦空間，為記住最新信息做準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)clearing up space可知是清理空間，騰地方，故填way/space/room.

【6】考查對(duì)文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第六段If you want to increase the number of new neurons in your brain's learning region, try exercising. ……increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.可知鍛煉有助于增加大腦學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域的新神經(jīng)元的數(shù)量，幫助我們更好地做決定。故填improved/better.

【7】考查對(duì)文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)后面內(nèi)容可知大腦通過(guò)權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無(wú)關(guān)緊要的信息。記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重現(xiàn)的可能性。這些都說(shuō)明健忘能夠幫助我們記住重要信息，顧全大局。故填picture.

【8】考查對(duì)文章的理解和動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)第七段When we forget the names of certain clients and details about old jobs, our brain is making a choice that these details do not matter.可知大腦通過(guò)權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無(wú)關(guān)緊要的信息。指權(quán)衡比較，故填weighing/comparing.

【9】考查對(duì)文章的理解和動(dòng)詞形式。根據(jù)第八段One of the things that distinguishes an environment where you're going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life.中how consistent the environment is可知記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度，故填determined/decided.

【10】考查對(duì)文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)第八段One of the things that distinguishes an environment where you're going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life.中how likely things are to come back into your life.可知記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重現(xiàn)的可能性。與likely意思一致，此處用名詞，表示“可能性”，故填likelihood/chance/possibility/probability.