Question

【題目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Chinese medical expert have warned that antibiotics （抗生素）are “ 【1】 overused” in hospitals, which may cause serious side-effects for the health of an entire generation.

According to the ministry, 70 percent of Chinese inpatients have received antibiotics, while the maximum number set by the World Health Organization is 30 percent. About 97 percent of 【2】 patients used antibiotics but research showed that a large number of them could avoid the need if hospitals conducted proper sanitation（公共衛(wèi)生）measures.

Particularly, antibiotics are overused in the 【3】 of children. Nearly one third of the daily 10,000 outpatients at the Beijing children’s Hospital take intravenous drips（靜脈輸液）that largely contain antibiotics.

“Some doctors might lack proper training on how to 【4】antibiotics in a more precise way and avoid 【5】risks. Some simply want to play it safe,” said Zhu Zhenggang, president of Shanghai-based Ruijin Hospital.

The ministry 【6】 a nationwide campaign over the past six months to 【7】 the use of antibiotics. Vice Health Minister Ma Xiaowei admitted that the government faces great challenges as many public hospitals have 【8】 supervision on prescription（處方）safety under heavy pressure from patients.

Insiders also noted that the overuse of antibiotics was partly 【9】by profit-seeking pharmacy （制藥）firms.

About 60 percent of the newly 【10】 medicines by the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) last year were antibiotics. According to the SFDA, the country reported 690,000 cases of adverse drug reactions caused by abuse of medicine, including 600 deaths in 2010.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】G

【4】E

【5】I

【6】J

【7】D

【8】F

【9】C

【10】K

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了抗生素在中國的過度使用現(xiàn)象并分析了原因以及規(guī)范抗生素使用的措施。

【1】考查副詞。句意：中國醫(yī)學專家警告說，抗生素在醫(yī)院“大量過度使用”，可能會對整整一代人的健康造成嚴重的副作用。修飾動詞overused用副詞，根據(jù)“which may cause serious side-effects for the health of an entire generation.”可知此處表示“大量地”，故填A。

【2】考查形容詞。句意：大約97%的外科病人使用抗生素，但研究表明，如果醫(yī)院采取適當?shù)男l(wèi)生措施，他們中的許多人可以避免使用抗生素。修飾名詞patients用形容詞，surgery patients表示“外科病人”，故填B。

【3】考查名詞。句意：尤其是抗生素在兒童治療中被過度使用。作介詞in的賓語用名詞，根據(jù)“antibiotics are overused”可知此處表示“治療”，故填G。

【4】考查動詞。句意：一些醫(yī)生可能缺乏如何更精確地使用抗生素和避免潛在風險的適當培訓�？涨暗�to是不定式符號，此處需要填動詞原形，根據(jù)“antibiotics in a more precise way”可知此處表示“應用、使用”，故填E。

【5】考查形容詞。句意同上，修飾名詞risks用形容詞，potential risks表示“潛在風險”，故填I。

【6】考查時態(tài)。句意：在過去的六個月里，衛(wèi)生部在全國范圍內(nèi)發(fā)起了一場規(guī)范抗生素使用的運動。此處用動詞作謂語，時間狀語“over the past six months”表明事情發(fā)生在過去，應該用一般過去時，根據(jù)“a nationwide campaign”可知此處表示“發(fā)起”，故填J。

【7】考查動詞。句意同上�？涨暗�to是不定式符號，此處需要填動詞原形，根據(jù)“the use of antibiotics”可知此處表示“規(guī)范”，故填D。

【8】考查時態(tài)。句意：衛(wèi)生部副部長馬曉偉承認，在患者的巨大壓力下，許多公立醫(yī)院放松了對處方安全的監(jiān)管，政府面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。空前的have表明是現(xiàn)在完成時，此處需要填過去分詞，根據(jù)“supervision on prescription（處方）safety under heavy pressure from patients.”可知此處表示“放松”，故填F。

【9】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：業(yè)內(nèi)人士還指出，抗生素的過度使用部分上是由追求利潤的制藥公司推動的。空后的by表明為被動語態(tài)，此處使用過去分詞，根據(jù)“by profit-seeking pharmacy （制藥）firms.”可知此處表示“推動”，故填C。

【10】考查非謂語動詞。句意：去年國家食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局新證實的藥品中，約60%是抗生素。

此處作定語修飾medicines，根據(jù)“medicines by the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) last year were antibiotics”可知此處表示“被證實的”，故填K。