2009高三英語詞法類復習
一. 冠 詞
1. 冠詞的泛指和特指用法
泛指是指首次提到的，不限定的人或事物。特指是指在上文已提到的人或事物，或是指被限制性修飾語在其后加以限定意義的人或事物．也可以是指說話者雙方心目中所默認的特指的人或事物。冠詞的泛指和特指用法可歸納為下表：
單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞一定要用冠詞 泛指單一，每一，仁義事物
指類別
特指 上文提到過的事物
被限制性修飾語所限定的事物
說話雙方所默認的事物
世界上獨一無二的事物
指類別
復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞 特指 上文提到過的事物
被限制性修飾語所限定的事物
說話雙方所默認的事物
零冠詞 泛指的一些事物
指類別
不定冠詞修飾可數(shù)名詞．其意思為"一個"；定冠詞既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞，往往表特指．其意思相當于"這個"，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞只要不用在抽象化的語境中，一定要加冠詞(或者加不定冠詞，或者加定冠詞)。這時不妨可用"一個"或"這個(種)"來檢驗。
（1）---Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.
---Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.
A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a
（2）Most animal have little connection with _____ animals of _____ different kind unless they kill them for food.
A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; /
2．不定冠詞a(n)的幾種特殊用法
（1）不定冠詞a(n)用于有或沒有形容詞修飾的抽象名詞前。
Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.
許多人都持相同的看法，在當前國際貿(mào)易交往中，英語知識是必備的知識。
（2）不定冠詞s(n)用于有形容詞修飾的一日二餐前。
Before I go to work every morning, I've a light breakfast.
我每天早晨上班前．吃點簡單的早餐。
（3）不定冠詞a(n)用于有形容詞修飾的季節(jié)、日期前。
The traffic accident happened on a Sunday towards the end of July.
車禍是7月底的一個星期天發(fā)生的。
（4）不定冠詞a(n)用于序數(shù)詞前，表示一次，又一。
How important it is to learn a second language!
再學一門語言是多么重要啊!
（5）不定冠詞a(n)表示"per"的意思。
His income is one thousand yuan a month.
他的月收入是1000元。
（6）不定冠詞a(n)用于有good／great many修飾的名詞復數(shù)前。
I've visited the Great Wall a good many times.
我參觀過長城好多次。 '
（7）不定冠詞a(n)用于形式為復數(shù)，但意義仍為單數(shù)的名詞前。
A thousand miles is a good distance.
一千英里是相當遠的距離。
（8）不定冠詞a(n)用于一些原來是動詞的名詞前。
Let's have a walk around the playground after supper.
晚飯后，讓我們圍著操場散步吧!
（9）有一些抽象名詞：advice(忠告)，behavior(行為)，fortune(運氣)，fun(娛樂)，information(情報)，progress(進步)，damage(損害)，harm(傷害)等，即使被形容詞修飾，也不加不定冠詞。
Karl Marx gave us some advice on how to learn foreign language well.
卡爾?馬克思就怎樣學好外語，提出了許多建議。
（10）用在某些固定詞組中。
A few, a little, a lot of, a bit, a couple of, all of a sudden(突然), as a matter of fact(實際上), in a hurry(匆忙的), in a word(簡言之), have a good time(玩得愉快), do sb. a favour(幫忙), pay a visit to(訪問), as a rule(慣例), as a whole(總之), in a day or two(一兩天), in a way(在某種程度上), of a size(大小相同), have a word with sb.(與…交談), make a living(謀生), take a pride in(自豪), take a walk(break, bath, seat)(散步(休息、洗澡、就座)), a great deal of(大量), be a pity(遺憾), have a cold(headache, fever)(感冒(頭痛、發(fā)燒)), many a(許多), catch a cold(感冒).
3．用冠詞與不用冠詞的差異
在某些習慣用語中，用還是不用冠詞，意義不同，有時甚至差別很大，使用時要特別注意。
at table 進餐
at the table 在桌子旁
in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里
by sea 乘船（由海路）
by the sea 在海邊
go to sea 當水手
go to the sea 去海邊
in future 從今以后，將來
in the future 未來
on earth 究竟
on the earth 在地球上，在世上
go to school (church…) 上學（做禮拜…）
go to the school (church…) 到學校（教堂）去
in front of 在…（外部的）前面
in the front of 在…（內(nèi)部的）前面
on horseback 騎著馬
on the horseback 在馬背上
take place 發(fā)生
take the place of 代替
two of us 我們當中的兩人
the two of us 我們兩人（共計兩人）
out of question 毫無疑問，一定（巧記：無the無問題）
out of the question 不可能（巧記：有the有問題）
on the whole = in general 大體上，一般地
as a whole = altogether 全部地，整體
A most important meeting 一個重要的會議
the most important meeting 最重要的會議
A third time 又一次
the third time 第三次
at a distance 稍遠一些
in the distance 在遠處
A number of 許多
the number of …的數(shù)目
for a moment 一會兒
for the moment 目前，暫時
be in charge of 負責…
be in the charge of 由…負責，在…掌管之下
by day 在白天
by the day 按日計算
in possession of 擁有
in the possession of 為…所有
in sight of 能看見
in the sight of 據(jù)…的見解
in place of 代替
in the place of 在…的地方
be of age 成年
be of an age 同齡
take advice 征求意見
take the advice 聽從勸告
He is still in office. 他仍在執(zhí)政
He is still in the office. 他仍在辦公室里
1. Paper money was in _____ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _____thirteenth century.
A. the; / B. the; the C. /; the D. /; /
2. It is not rare in _____ that people in _____ fifties are going to university for further education.
A. 90s; their B. the 90s; / C. 90s; . D. the 90s; their
3. Summer in _____ south of France are for _____ most part dry and sunny.
A. /; a B. the; / C. /; / D. the; the
4. Most animals have little connection with _____ animals of _____ different kind unless they hunt
them for food.
A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; he
5. Mr. Smith, there's a man at _____ front door who says he has _____ news for you of great
importance.
A. file: / B. the; the C. /; / D. /; the
6. The warmth of _____ sweater will of course be determined by the short of _____ wood used.
A. the; file B. die; / C. /; / D. /;/
7. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _____ leg.
A. a B one C. the D. his
8. I don't like talking on _____ telephone. I prefer writing _____ letters.
A. a; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; /
9. Jumping out of _____ airplane at ten thousand that is quite _____.exciting experience.
A. /; the B. /; an C. an; an D. the; the
10. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain good knowledge of basic word
formation.
A. / B. the C. a D. one
11. The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have _____ third one because _____ second one is rather too
small
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
12. There' s _____ dictionary on _____ desk by your side.
A, a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the
13. ---Where is my blue shirt?
---It' s in the washing machine. You have to wear _____ different one.
A. any B. the C. a D. other
14. The sign reads "In case of _____ fire, break the glass and push _____ red button.
A. /; a B. /; the C. the; the D. a; a
15. I earn 10 dollars _____ hour as _____ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.
A. a; an B. the; a C. an; a D. an; the
二.名詞
一、考點聚焦
1.可數(shù)名詞單、復數(shù)變化形式
（1）規(guī)則變化。
①單數(shù)名詞詞尾直接加-s。如：boy - boys, pen - pens。
②以s、x 、ch 、sh結(jié)尾的單詞一般加-es。如：glass - glasses,box- boxes, watch - watches, brush - brushes。
特例：stomach - stomaches。
③以"輔音字母 + y"結(jié)尾的變"y"為"i"再加"-es"。如：
baby - babies, lady - ladies, fly - flies。
④以"o"結(jié)尾的多數(shù)加-es。如：tomato - tomatoes, potato - potatoes, hero - heroes。但以兩個元音字母結(jié)尾的名詞和部分外來詞中以o結(jié)尾的詞只加-s。 如：radio - radios, zoo - zoos, photo - photos, piano - pianos, kilo - kilos, tobacco - tobaccos。
⑤以"f"或"fe"結(jié)尾的名詞復數(shù)形式變"f"或"fe"為"v"，之后再加-es。如：wife - wives, life - lives, knife - knives, wolf- wolves, self - selves, leaf - leaves等。特例：handkerchief- handkerchiefs, roof - roofs, chief - chiefs, gulf - gulfs, belief - beliefs, cliff - cliffs。
⑥改變元音字母的。如：man - men, mouse - mice, foot - feet,
woman - women, tooth - teeth, goose - geese, ox - oxen。特例：child - children。
⑦復合名詞的復數(shù)形式。（A）在復合詞中最后名詞尾加-s。如：armchair - armchairs, bookcase - bookcases, bookstore - book-
stores。（B）man和woman作定語修飾另一個名詞時，前后兩個名詞都要變成復數(shù)。如：man doctor - men doctors, woman driver - women dri-
vers。（C）與介詞或副詞一起構(gòu)成的復合名詞應在主體名詞部分加-s。如：brother-in-law - brothers-in-law, passer-by - passers-by。
⑧有的名詞有兩種復數(shù)形式。如：zero - zeros 、zeroes, deer -
deers 、deer。penny的兩種復數(shù)形式含義有所不同。如：pence（便士的錢數(shù)），pennies(便士的枚數(shù))。
（2）不規(guī)則變化。
①單、復數(shù)同形。如：means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese,
Japanese, sheep, works（工廠）,cattle。
②合成名詞的復數(shù)。如：boy-friend - boy-friends, go-between- go-betweens(中間人)，grown-up - grown-ups。
③有些名詞通常只用作復數(shù)。如：glasses眼鏡，clothes衣服，goods
貨物，trousers褲子，belongings所有物,wages工資，riches財富, surroundings環(huán)境，ashes灰塵, campasses圓規(guī)，cattle家畜，congratulations祝賀，have words with sb. 同某人吵架，in high spirits以很高熱情地，give one's regards to sb.向某人問侯，in rags衣衫破爛，It is good manners to do sth.有禮貌做某事。
④集體名詞的數(shù)。有些集體名詞通常只用作復數(shù)，如：people,
cattle, police; 有些名詞只用作單數(shù)，如：machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery;有些名詞既可用作單數(shù)又可用作復數(shù)，單數(shù)看做整體，復數(shù)看做集體的各個成員。如：The crew is large.船員人數(shù)很多（指整體）；The crew are all tired.船員們都累壞了（個體）。
2、不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)
（1）一般說來抽象名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，但當抽象名詞表示具體的東西時，可用作可數(shù)名詞且詞義發(fā)生變化，主要類型如下：
①抽象名詞表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、感情情緒的人或事。如：
抽象名詞（不可數(shù)） 具體化（個體名詞，可數(shù)名詞）
in surprise驚訝地 a surprise一件令人驚訝的事
win success獲得成功 a success一個(件)成功的人(事)
win honor贏得榮譽 an honor一個(件)引以為榮的(事)
Failure(失敗)is the mother of success a failure失敗者
失敗是成功之母。
by experience靠經(jīng)驗 an experience一次經(jīng)歷
youth青春 a youth一個青年人
have pity on sb.憐憫某人 a pity可惜的事情
with pleasure樂意 a pleasure樂事
②抽象名詞與a(an)連用，淡化了抽象概念，轉(zhuǎn)化為似乎可以體驗到的動作、行為或類別。如：
A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.
Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me?
It is waste of time reading such a novel.
She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.
(2)物質(zhì)名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，但表示數(shù)量或種類之多時，可以用作可數(shù)名詞。如：
①物質(zhì)名詞有形或數(shù)的相應物體，有單、復數(shù)。如：some coffee一些咖啡，a coffee一杯咖啡，three coffees三杯咖啡，some drink一些飲料, a drink一杯飲料，three drinks三杯飲料，his hair他的頭發(fā)，a few grey hairs幾根白發(fā)，glass玻璃，a glass一只玻璃杯。
②物質(zhì)名詞有前置后置修飾時，前面要使用不定冠詞。
have breakfast The road is covered with snow.
have a wonderful breakfast They have a heavy snow every year.
Time and tide wait for no man.
We had a wonderful time last night.
(3)有復數(shù)形式的不可數(shù)名詞
①有些抽象名詞往往以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，起到一種豐富語言感情色彩或強調(diào)某種特殊狀態(tài)的作用。如：
Use your brains, please.
They have smoothed away the difficulties.
Have you made preparations for tomorrow's meeting?
Many thanks for your kindness.
No pains, no gains.
After many failures, they finally succeeded.
②有些物質(zhì)名詞以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，表示數(shù)量之多，范圍之廣。如：
The boy burst into tears at the bad news.
The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.
The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains.
3.名詞所有格
（1）"'s"所有格的特殊表示形式有：
3 用于表示時間、距離、價格、重量等的名詞后，如：today's
newspaper,five minutes'walk(drive),five pounds'weight, tend
ollars'worth of coffee。
②用于表示國家、世界、城市等地方的名詞后。如：the earth's planet, the word's population, China's industry, New York's parks。
（2）"of"所有格的特殊表示方式有：
①表示"部分"時，一般在所修飾的名詞前有一個表示數(shù)量的詞（a、two、several、some、no、many等），如：Some students of Mister Zhang's have gone to college.
②表示"其中之一，其中一部分"的意思時，用：a friend of Tom's
湯姆的一個朋友（許多朋友中的一位）。
③表示贊揚、批評或厭惡等感情色彩時，應該用：that/this/these/
those + 名詞（單、復數(shù)）of Mary's/yours/his/hers。如：
That invention of hers belongs to the world. 她的那項發(fā)明是屬于全世界的（表贊賞）。
4、名詞作定語
英語中有些名詞沒有其對應的同根形容詞，這些名詞可以直接用來作定語修飾另一個名詞。
（1）分類意義。
air pollution 空氣污染 boy friend 男朋友
coffee cup咖啡杯 income tax所得稅
tennis ball網(wǎng)球 song writer歌曲作家
body language身體語言 road accident交通事故
Nobel Prize諾貝爾獎
（2）時間、地點、稱呼等。
Doctor Jack杰克醫(yī)生 Professor Li李教授
evening school夜校 winter sleep冬眠
street dance 街舞 country music鄉(xiāng)村音樂
village people村民 school education學校教育
China problem中國問題
（3）表目的、手段、來源，所屬意義。
reception desk接待臺 sports field田徑場
stone table石桌 color TV彩電
weather report天氣預報
洛陽市2008――2009學年高中三年級統(tǒng)一考試英語試卷
本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分,第I卷1至12頁，第Ⅱ卷l3至14頁�？荚嚱Y(jié)束，將第Ⅱ卷和答題卡一并交回。
第I卷
注意事項：
1．答第1卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考試科目涂寫在答題卡上。
2. 每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題長上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮接干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號，不能答在試卷上。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
作題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題；每題1．5分，滿分7．5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對活后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What did the radio say about the weather?
A. Fine. B. Windy. C. Rainy,
2. What does the man mean?
A. They'll arrive at the hotel after 10:30.
B. They can arrive at the hotel well before 10:30,
C. They can arrive at the hotel at 10:30,
3. How does the man feel about the woman’s response?
A. Disappointed. B. Scared. C. Happy.
4. Where are the speakers most probably?
A. At a post office. B. At a bcx3kstore. C. At a bank.
5. Why does not the woman want her car' s windows to be cleaned?
A. It's too expensive. B. She doesn't know the man. C. She is in a hurry.
第二節(jié)(共l5小題；每小題l.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨自。每段對話或獨自后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨自前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料。回答第6．7題。
6. Which of the following is Not an advantage of the house?
A. It's near the subway station and a bus step.
B. It has two bedrooms.
C. It has a good view.
7. What does the man mean at the end of the conversation?
A. He doesn't like the house at all.
B. He won't rent the house because it's too expensive.
C. He cannot decide whether .to rent the house right now.
聽第7段材料，回答第8,9題。
8. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Look after her bird.
B. Write to her about the bird.
C. Go with her.
9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Friends. C. A couple.
聽第8段材料，回答第l0至l2題。
10. What does the man find on the beach?
A. An interesting piece of wood.
B. A message inside a bottle.
C. An interesting soil sculpture.
ll. Which of the following is Not mentioned?
A. At first the man thinks the wind brought the wood there.
B. The man thinks it's a good way to find out where ocean water goes by throwing
bottles into the ocean.
C. The woman knew about the scientists' experiment in a science magazine.
12. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Collecting objects on the beach.
B. Collecting water in the ocean.
C. Mapping the movement of ocean water.
聽第9段材料．回答第l3至16題。
13. How does the man advise the woman to go to the museum?
A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. On toot.
14. Where is
A. On the right of where the woman is now.
B. On the left of the traffic lights.
C. To the right of
15. How many turns should the woman make before reaching the museum?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
16. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. According to the man, it's easy to call a taxi there.
B. The museum is at the end of
C. The two speakers are strangers.
聽第l0段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. Where is the speaker giving the talk?
A. On a hill. B. In a forest. C. Beside a lake.
18. What is the main purpose of the talk?
A. To describe some plants and animals.
B. To persuade the listeners to go on a tour.
C. To make the listeners familiar with the hike's arrangement.
19. What CANNOT the
listeners do at
A. Rest and take photos. B. Catch fish C. Cook lunch over a campfire.
20. What would be part of the trip?
A. Climbing up rocks. B. Fishing in a stream. C. Walking through a field.
第二部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié) 單項填空(共15小題；每小題l分，滿分l5分)
從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
21. -- The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it?
-- I do it all the time.
A. Don' t mention it. B. Why you? C. Not sure. D. Not me again.
22. Do not start a book unless you can see from the first few pages that it is
you can easily read and understand.
A. that B. one C. the one D. that one
23. Cars parked along this road will be by the police.
A. taken up B. taken over C. taken away D. taken in
24.- Jack promised to come on time, but he hasn't arrived.
-- What do you imagine ____ to him then?
A. happening B. had happened C. has happened D. happened
25. I couldn't believe a boy three years younger than me had completed so much,
?
A. hadn't he B. couldn't I C. could I D. had he
26. Though it's warm here all the year round, it be quite cold at night some-
times.
A. can B. shall C. must D. need
27. your best, I think, and the problem could be settled.
A. If you try B. To try C- Try D. Trying
28.-- What's the weather like tomorrow, John?
--Well, I it, for the pictures drew my attention as the weather forecast was going on.
A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. had missed
29. She'll turn up at any time that happens to her.
A. fit B. meet C. suit D. match
30. skiing may not be so developed in the area, people still head there for excitement and fresh air.
A. As B. Because C. If D. While
31. with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find
buried treasure.
A. Being armed B. To be armed C. Armed D. To arm
32. I like this skirt better than that one, but it costs almost twice .
A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many
33.-- We have decided to go outing tomorrow, join us?
-- Well, you are going, so will I.
A. when B. since C. if D. while
34.- Excuse me, sir. Is the swimming pool open all day?
-- , only from 6:00 pm to 10:00 pm.
A. That' s right B. Yes, of course
C. Sorry, I am not sure D. Sorry, I' m afraid not
35. She had a little money in the bank, to help her mother.
A. which B. in which C. where D. with which
第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從36―55各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中．選
出最佳選項。
He's an old cobbler(修鞋匠) with a shop in Paris. When I took him my shoes, he at first told me:"I have 36 time. Take them to the other fellow on the main street; he'll fix them for you right away. "
But I'd had my eye on his shop for a long time. Just looking at his bench 37 with tools and pieces of leather, I knew he was a 38 craftsman (手藝人). "No," I replied, "the other fellow 39 do it well. "
"The other fellow" was one of those shopkeepers who fix shoes and make keys "while-you-wait" ― without knowing much about 40 shoes or making keys. They work 41, and when they have finished you might as well just 42 away the pair.
The man saw I wouldn't give in, and he 43 . He looked at my 44 , had me write
my 45 on one shoe with a piece of chalk and said," Come back in a week. "I was 46 to leave when he took a pair of soft leather boots off a shelf."See what I can do?" he said with 47 . "Only three of us in Paris can do this kind of work.”
When 1 got back out into the 48 ,the world seemed 49 to me. He was 50
out of a fairy tale, with his way of speaking familiarly, his very strange, dusty felt hat, his funny accent(口音) 51 who-knows-where and, above all, his pride in his craft.
There are times
when nothing is important 52 the bottom line, when you can do things any
old way as long as it" 53 " In such a period it is rare(罕見的)
comfort to
36. A. little B. bit C. no D. much
37. A. put B. faced C. mixed D. filled
38. A. handsome B. clever C. skillful D. famous
39. A. mustn't B. needn't C. shouldn't D. can' t
40. A. mending B. making C. checking D. selling
41. A. slowly B. carelessly C. wonderfully D. carefully
42. A. give B. throw C. take D. send
43. A. smiled B. shouted C. cried D. persuaded
44. A. shoes B. feet C. faces D. hands
45. A. address B. number C. name D. age
46. A. round B. out C. up D. about
47. A. regret B. honor C. pride D. sorrow
48. A. street B. shop C. school D. city
49. A. funny B. new C. Big D. small
50. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
51. A. from B. in C. on D. for
52. A. so B. though C. as D. out
53. A. gets B. values C. costs D. pays
54. A. serve B. meet C. hear D. employ
55. A. fewest B. greatest C. hardest D. easiest
第三部分閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡
上將該項涂黑。
A
Several months ago I decided it would be wise to investigate(投資)the possibilities of buying a life insurance policy(保險). I got the name of an insurance agent(代理人) from a friend and called the agent for some information. From the questions-I asked him, he could tell I knew nothing about insurance, so he kindly offered to help me determine the kind of policy I ought to be considering.
That night he appeared at my door at 7:30; without wasting time he spread his papers out on the kitchen table and began a long explanation. I listened attentively as he felt I ought to. After three or four hours of talking, he kindly helped me fill out an form for a $ 50,000policy ,and then he asked if 1 could go to a Dr. Luther's office on Friday for a physical examination.
I don't know why, but it was not until the mention of the doctor's appointment(約定)that I realized fully what was happening. I was about to sign lifetime contract(合同), yet I had not really made a decision about whether I wanted to buy the policy or not. As a matter of fact, the question of a need for a decision from me one way or the other had not even come up. Suddenly I felt sure that I really did not want to buy the policy. However, since he had spent 80 much time with me, I didn't want to make him feel that he had wasted his time. So I invented an excuse about things I had to do on Friday, and I assured I would call him in a few days. Actually, I had no intention of going to see Dr. Luther or of calling the agent again.
I wanted to forget the whole thing -- it's been over three months now since our meeting, and my friendly insurance agent still calls at my office faithfully two or three times a week. My secretary knows that I don't want to talk to him, so when he calls she tells him that I'm in a meeting or that out of the office or that I'm away on a business trip. I realize now that it was a mistake not to tell him that first night that I didn't want the policy. Since! still can't bring myself to tell him directly that I'm not interested, and please not to bother me anymore, all I can do is avoid his calls and hope I don't run into him some place.
56. The writer phoned the insurance agent because .
A. he wanted to fill out a form for a life insurance policy
B. he had decided to buy a life insurance policy
C. he took great interest in the insurance company
D. he was eager to explore the possibilities of buying a life insurance policy
57. After several hours of talking, the writer .
A. decided to buy the policy
B. decided to think over the matter
C. made an appointment with Dr. Luther
D. decided not to buy the policy
58. The underlined word "assured" in the massage most probably means .
A. suggested B. promised C. insisted D. decided
59. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The writer has tried many ways to get rid of the agent.
B. The agent is easily put off.
C. The writer intends to call the agent in a few days.
D. The agent phones every day.
B
Text-messaging, the shorthand language favored by teenagers has started to push aside
traditional grammar among high school English learners.
Today's teenagers are 10 times more likely to use non-standard English in written exams than before. They use informal words, phrases and text messages such as "m8" for "mate", "2"instead of "too" and "u" for "you".
This language has made it into classrooms. School children are now handing in essays(短文) written in text messages.
Educators say abbreviated words are fine for text messages on the mobile phone, but in school essays, it only shows the laziness of today's youth. They argue that the use of these shortened forms allows the users to avoid having to spell and use the language correctly.
Despite this, a two-year study by Cambridge University has found that today's teenagers are using far more complex(復雜的) sentence structures, a wider vocabulary and a more ex-act use of capital letters, punctuation and spelling. The quality of writing has also improved, said Alf Massey, head of the department of Cambridge University that carried out the study. But phrases that may not have been acceptable to examiners have come into regular use gradually.
Barry Spur, a senior lecturer in English at the University of Sydney, said it was no surprise to learn that students were using the shorthand language in their studies as a move away from the formal use of English.
Spur said the real test was whether teenagers stuck to using informal words and phrases and text messages when they were writing something they knew required a more formal use of English.
He also questioned whether the shorthand really did lead to greater cleanness of language or whether it was simply faster.
60. What do many teenagers prefer to use in written exams?
A. Formal words. B. Non-standard English.
C. Traditional grammar rules. D. Numbers and letters.
61. Which of the following is tree according to the passage?
A. Alf Massey was the head of Cambridge University.
B. The teenagers have improved the quality of writing.
C. Barry Spur was a senior lecturer in English in Cambridge University.
D. The study was carried out for three years.
62. The exact meaning of the underlined word." abbreviated" in Paragraph 4 is A. written B. enlarged C. shortened D. spoken
63. The main idea of the passage is __
A. teenagers like to use text messages
B. text-messaging enters classrooms
C. mobile phone shorthand also belongs to formal essays
D. the usage of text messages shows the laziness of today's youth
C
A handsome young man, who wears the Beijing Olympic volunteer uniform and speaks Chinese and English, is an eye-catcher in the National Stadium.
Philipp Demgenski, a German volunteer who works in the Olympics' language service, said, "I am looking forward to the Beijing Olympics, as it will be my first volunteer experience in the Olympics. "
Philipp toured the National Stadium, or "Bird's Nest", for the first time early this year. It took him quite a little time to get familiar with the routes leading to the nest-shaped stadium regarded as "an icon(象征)of the Beijing Olympics".
Philipp has learned Chinese for only one year, but now he can send SMS text messages in Chinese. The 26 - year - old, who had kept himself busy with volunteer activities in college, treasures the chance to see the Olympics so closely. "I had worked in Africa as a volunteer for four months, and I taught computer and English to teachers and students there, "said Philipp."I came to China because I am a big fan of Chinese culture. "
Up to Marcia 31st, 22,000 foreigners had applied(申請) to be Olympic volunteers.
Ndioro Diop is a girl from Senegal. Besides her mother tongue, she speaks French, English and Chinese.
The language talent(天才) applied for a volunteer as early as in 2006. "The first several months when I came to Beijing, I was always lost, "said Diop."But every time I got help from Beijing people. I learned a lot in China, and now it is the time for me to do something to return. My family all love China very much, and my brother also applied to be a volunteer. "As for American girl Amari Montin, to apply for a volunteer was quite natural. "I will meet lots of Chinese friends through volunteering, and communicating with them will help me improve my Chinese, "she said.
Montin said she had fallen in love with Beijing. "I love Beijing. I can feel the changes
brought by the Olympics. "
64. Which of the following is TRUE about Philipp？
A. Philipp hasn't been familiar with the surroundings.
B. Philipp will offer language and computer services during the Olympics.
C. Philipp mastered Chinese language very well years ago.
D. Philipp had been a volunteer teacher before he came to China.
65. What can we know about Diop according to the passage.9
A. She has a gift ~or language learning.
B. She admires Chinese culture.
C. She is learning another language.
D. She wants to teach English in return to Beijing people.
66. What's take purpose of Montin to be a volunteer in the Beijing Olympic Games?
A. To make China known by more people around the world.
B. To make more friends and to improve her Chinese.
C. To learn about Chinese custom and to study Chinese culture.
D. To see the changes brought to Beijing by the Olympic.
D
If I were to explain Thanksgiving Day to a foreigner, I would call it simply Turkey(火雞) Day. Yet, this special holiday has much more to it.
Historically, the first settlers of America celebrated Thanksgiving with a harvest dinner because they successfully went through a hard winter. They also took this chance to thank their Indian friends for their help. Thanksgiving is a great American tradition to share this holiday with family members and friends. Its importance is almost equal to Christmas in American everyday life.
A college friend of mine once invited me to celebrate this holiday with her family. This gave me an inside look at how Americans celebrate this holiday.
When we arrived at her house, my friend's family greeted us warmly. Once in a while I went to the kitchen to catch a glimpse of the turkey in the oven. The turkey is cooked, whole. It is filled with a mixture of bread crumbs, vegetables and spices. It usually takes four to five hours or more to cook, depending on the size of the turkey.
When it was finally done, two people carried the turkey to the table on a plate, decorated with fruits and leaves. It was the size of a small pig. It looked very impressive having a whole turkey on the table.
When all the food was on the table and the guests were seated, everyone fell silent―it was time for everyone to say a small prayer（祈禱） of thanks. Unlike in China, where only the host makes a speech, it was this family's tradition to ask each and every person, young or old, family or guest, to say what they were thankful for. This included me, Well, as one might guess, I was thankful for my first American Thanksgiving.
Then all our attention returned to the turkey. We broke into laughter when nay friend's mother came out of the kitchen with an electric knife to cut the Turkey into thin slices.
Each dish was passed around and everyone loaded their plate with turkey, potatoes, and other vegetables.
67. The best title for this passage is
A. What a Large Turkey B. My First Thanksgiving
C. Warmly Welcomed D. What a Different Custom
68. Which of the following made the deepest impression on the writer?
A. Thanksgiving is even more important than Christmas.
B. The warm welcome received from the family.
C. The large turkey. D. How the festival came into being.
69. The underlined word "glimpse" in the fourth paragraph has the same meaning as
A. curiosity B. admiration C. smell D. look
70. Which of the following best shows the equality in American families?
A. The mother cut up the turkey with an electric knife.
B. Everyone at the table was asked to say a prayer.
C. Everyone was given the same foods and dishes.
D. The writer was treated warmly and equally.
71. How was the turkey cut into pieces?
A. With an electric knife.
B. Everyone cut off a piece of it.
C. It was cut up with an ordinary knife.
D. The mother cut it up with the father's help.
E
Many studies have been conducted to discover the benefits of listening to and playing music. The growing field of "music treatment" is presenting increasing amounts of proof that point to the great powers of music.
Emotional(情緒) benefits
The right song can put anybody in a better mood. Most people turn to certain songs to improve their moods. The main reason behind this is that music can express our feelings better than any other medium. In addition, we have favourite songs for particular situations because we turn to the music which has the best effect on us.
Music and exercise
Have you ever noticed how out of breath you get when listening to an exciting song while doing exercises at the gym? It has been suggested that exciting music can actually in-crease muscle tension(肌肉緊張), while light music does the opposite.
It has also been proved that music can improve motor skills. An experiment conducted on a group of pupils proved that children learning basic motor skills such as throwing, catching and jumping while listening to music did better than those with no music.
Chronic(慢性的) pain relief(減輕)
Music also has the ability to ease chronic pain. In fact, according to a paper published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing, music can reduce chronic pain by 21%. The paper reports that 60 patients in an experiment were divided into two groups--one of the group listened to music, and the other did not. The reults showed that people who listened to music for an hour each day for a week improved physically and psychologically while those who did not listen to music did not.
72. The best title for the passage is
A. The Study of Music B. The Benefits of Music
C. How Music Helps Patients D. Music Helps to Improve Work Efficiency
73. Why do people turn to songs to feel better?
A. Because songs have magic.
B. Because listening to music is their hobby.
C. Because they can find comfort in songs.
D. Because some music has a good effect on them.
74. If we want to relax our muscles, we should choose
A. rock and roll B. some exciting songs
C. light music D. classical songs
75. It can be inferred from the passage that _____
A. music can cure people of muscle pain slowly
B. 21% of the patients recovered quickly with the help of music
C. all the patients listened to music daily
D. the 60 patients all have physical and psychological problems
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題；每小題l分，滿分10分)
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一勾(√)；如有錯誤(每行只有一個錯誤)，則按下列情況改正：
該行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
該行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(^)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。該行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。
Most students study English hardly at school but they 76.
only use the time study the rules of the language and 77.
new words. They spend a lot of time in exercises. They 78.
don't like read English very much. Actually, reading 79.
for pleasure is an easier way to learn English well. 80.
Many experts say reading for pleasure help students 81.
to learn many important thing about English. 82.
For an example, students can learn more about the 83.
cultures of English-speaking countries. What's worse, 84.
they can learn what to use English more properly. 85.
第二節(jié)書面表達(滿分25分)
假如你叫李華，你的英國筆友Peter想了解中國學生過生日的方式，請你根據(jù)下面提示給他寫封信介紹有關情況。
內(nèi)容要點：1.生日聚會； 2．生日禮物； 3．生日祝�！�
注意：1．字數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3．文章的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入字數(shù)。
Dear Peter,
How is everything going?
I'm glad to receive your letter. Now let me tell you how Chinese students celebrate the birthday
Best wishes.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
洛陽市2008――2009學年高中三年級統(tǒng)一考試
2009年高考英語專項練習大全之單項選擇題
（一）名詞
1．To the sea captain’s surprise，he found that travel could also be quite pleasant．
A．earth B．1and C．ground D．plain
2．Some famous singers live on the from their record sales．
A．salary B．value C．bill D．income
3．Many countries are increasing their use of nature gas，wind and other forms of ．
A．energy B．source C．power D．material
4．You can take as many as you like because they are free of ．
A．fare B．charge C．money D．pay
5．George always wants things done quickly．He’s got no .
A．idea B．means C．patience D．decision
6．Do you know the of the saying I just quoted?
A．source B．resource C．course D．cause
7．―Why did you refuse to move in the house?
―Because it was really in a poor and dirty ．
A．form B．kind C．shape D．state
8．His name was on the of my tongue，but I just couldn’t remember it．
A．end B．edge C．tip D．side
9．You shouldn’t let children play with ．It’s dangerous!
A．football B．watches C．matches D．chess
10．We’ll have PE this afternoon but I forgot to bring my .
A．sports clothes B．sport clothes C．clothes of sports D．sport’s clothes
11．Dark clouds are a of rain while a smile is a of friendship
A．gesture；sign B.mark；sign C.sign；gesture D.sign；mark
12．―Is the house very expensive，Dick?
―I don’t think it’s worth the they are asking．
A．price B．cost C．value D．money
13．These days I hire two in my house．
A．man servants B．men servant C．man servant D．men servants
14．The editor to1d the newsman to write report．
A．a(chǎn) two-thousand-words B．a(chǎn) two-thousands-words
C．a(chǎn) two thousand Word D．a(chǎn) two-thousand-word
15．The brook lies within of the train station．
A．ten-minute-ride B．ten minutes ride
C．ten minute’s ride D．ten minutes’ride
16．Though I spoke to him many times，he never took any of what I said．
A．remark B．observation C．a(chǎn)ttention D．notice
17． came that his should be kept secret．
A．A word；words B．The word；word C．Word：words D．Words；Word
18．We’ve missed the last bus．I’m aftaid we have no but to take a taxi．
A．way B．choice C．possibility D．selection
19．―How was your recent Visit to Qingdao?
―It was great．We visited some friends，and spent the days at the seaside．
A．few 1ast sunny B．1ast few sunny C．few sunny list D．1ast sunny few
20．We climbed higher up the mountain so that We could get a better ．
A．view B．idea C．point D．opinion
21．We have worked out a plan．But I’m not sure whether it will do in ．
A．fact B．practice C．deed D．time
22．―I’ve got an“A”in the examination．
――T11at’s a good .You’ll surely win a sec-ond．
A．result B．start C．news D．idea
23．The makes me feel sick．
A．sign B．sight C．scene D．look
24．― What a pleasant these trees give us!
――Why not stop here and have a rest in it?
A．shade B．shadow C．peace D．scene
25．They can never make good nurses，not having the necessary .
A．practice B．education C．exercise D．training
26．Mr Tong couldn’t keep pace with the others as they
marched along．He often stood out of ．
A．order B．sight C．mind D．line
27．I’m afraid that there is no for you in my car,because there are already five people．
A．place B．room C．need D．position
28． it is to go swimming on sueh a hot day!
A．What fun B．How fun C．What a fun D．How a fun
29．―Heavy trucks which run day and night are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical
A．scene B．period C．interest D．sense
30．The dress is nice but she doesn’t like the on the material．
A．sharp B．size C．model D．pattern
31．It is foolish to go to the of taking music lessons if you never practice．
A．expense B．sense C．pay D．money
32．For twenty years Gandhi p1ayed an important in working for equal rights fbr Indians．
A．a(chǎn)ction B．ro1e C．figure D．position
33．Last night the president made a speech on TV to the .
A.country B.state C.1and D.nation
34．The old house belongs to ．
A．Jack’s and his brother B．Jack’s and his brother’s
C．Jack and his brother’s D．Jack and his brother
35． will make a trip to China during the summer holidays．
A．The Evens B．The Even’s C．The Evenses D．The Evenses'
36．I’d like you to meet David’a cowboy．
A．dark，handsome and tall B．tall，handsome and dark
C．dark，tall and handsome D．tall，dark and handsome
37.The young student is as a writer．It’s to all his teachers．
A．success；surprise B．a(chǎn) success；sorprise
C．success；a surprise D．a(chǎn) success；a surprise
38.My mother’s is getting grey，but my father has only a few grey ．
A．hairs；hair B．hair：hair C．hair；hairs D．hair：hairs
39. unicle is going to pick them up at the airport this afternoon．
A．Jack’s and Joan’s B．Jack’s and Joan
C．Jack and Joan’s D．Jack and Joan
40.Many old houses are being pulled down to make for the apartment buildings．
A．room B．ground C．space D．a(chǎn)rea
41.Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are say ing hould make any ．
A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value
(二)代詞與it的用法
1.Not all these books are second-hand； of them are new．
A．a(chǎn)ll B．none C．some D．each
2.You can buy these maps at railway station．They all have them．
A．that B．a(chǎn)ny C．every D．each
3.I prefer a street in a small town to in such alarge city as Shanghai．
A．that B．it C．this D．one
4.1've only seen one copy of Gone with the wind in the bookshop opposite．Tom，g。and buy ．
A．one B．a(chǎn)ny C．other D．the others
5.At the time neither country allowed to open any companies on its land．
A．a(chǎn)nother B．the other C．other D．the others
6.Most of the housework was done by two members of the family，my sister and ．
A．me B．I C．myself D．mine
7. was thoughtful John to send me this present．
A．1t；for B．He；for C．It；of D．He；of
8.―We walked twenty miles today．
―I never guessed you could have walked far．
A．a(chǎn)s B．this C．that D．such
9.―Have you read through the two books he lent you last week?
―No， of them is easy to read．
A．either B．none C．both D．neither
10.Meeting my uncle after all these years Was an uncom fortable moment， I will always treasure．
A．that B．one C．it D．what
11.The noise of the party prevented me from getting sleep．
A．some B．a(chǎn)ny C．no D．many
12.I hate when people talk with their mouths full．
A．it B．that C．those D．then
13.The class are busy preparing lessons for a test．
A．his B．her C．their D．its
14.―Would you care for tea or coffee?
― ，thank you．I’ve just had some tea．
A．Little B．Both C．Either D．Neither
15.It was in the house he used to 1ive that the exhibition was held．
A．where B．that C．a(chǎn)s D．which
16.I make a rule to take a walk in the morning．
A．that B．this C．myself D．it
17. of them knew about the plan because it was k。pt a secret．
A．Each B．Any C．None D．No one
18.We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because of us had money on us．
A．a(chǎn)ll；no B．a(chǎn)ny；no C．none；any D．no one；any
19.There’re so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind to buy．
A．what B．which C．how D．where
20． we can’t get seems better than we have．
A．What；what B．What；that C．That；that D．That；what
21．Two ancient Chinese vases， worth$1，000，were sold at Sothebv’s last Monday．
A．which B．each C．every D．a(chǎn)ll
22．The computers we use today are much better than we used ten years ago．
A．one B．that C．ones D．those
23. of
them are party members．Some
A．None B．Neither C．No one D．Not all
24．―Why don’t we take a 1ittle break?
―Didn’t we just have ?
A．it B．that C．one D．this
25．One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow，and ．
A．the other is white B．a(chǎn)nother white
C．the other white D．a(chǎn)nother is white
26．Some people would rather ride bike as bike riding has of the trouble of taking buses.
A.nothing B.none C.some D.neither
27．The two friends met by chance .
A．a(chǎn)nother day B．some day C．the other day D．other day
28．―Which of the two Italian films do you like better?
― ，because they are meaningless．
A．Both B．Either C．None D．Neither
29． don’t visit this part of the town．
A．The most tourists B．Most tourists C．Most of tourists D．Most the tourists
30．――Would you like some soft drink?
――Yes，but only ．
A．a(chǎn) few B．a(chǎn) little C．few D．1ittle
31．―Which coat would you prefer，sir?
―I’ll take ，to have a change sometimes．
A．a(chǎn)ll them B．them all C．both them D．them both
32．―Do you have at home now，mum?
―No，we still have to get scores of eggs and some vegetables．
A．nothing B．everything C．a(chǎn)nything D．something
33．It was a great party． enjoyed it．
A．All of us B．Evervbody of us C．Everybody D．All
34．If this dictionary is not yours， can it be?
A．what else B．who else C．which else’s D．who else’s
35．―Have you finished your report yet?
―No，I’ll finish it in ten minutes．
A．a(chǎn)nother B．other C．more D．less
36．―Is here?
―No，Bob and Tim have asked for leave．
A．a(chǎn)nybody B．somebody C．everybody D．nobody
37．Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers．
Now she would 1ike to read stories by writers from countries．
A．some；any B．other；some C．some；other D．other；other
38．Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder，but didn’t help．
A．he B．which C．she D．it
39．They are good friends． is no wonder that they know each other so well．
A．This B．That C．There D．It
40．This bus service is very good．There’s bus ten minutes．
A．each B．a(chǎn)ny C．a(chǎn)ll D．every
41．Mr Zhang’s English is very fluent，but he speaks Chinese．
A．1ittle B．fewer C．few D．1ess
42．―What Would you like to eat?
―I don’t mind． ― whatever you’ve got．
A．Something B．Anything C．Nothing D．Everything
(三)冠詞與數(shù)詞
1．He has great interest in history，especially in history of Tang Dynasty．
A．a(chǎn)；the B．a(chǎn)；不填 C．不填；the D．不填；a
2．The party last night was success．we sang and danced until it came to end at twelve．
A．a(chǎn)；the B．the；an C．a(chǎn)；an D．不填；an
3．While Jane was cooking fish on open fire outside，her hair caught． fire．
A．不填；a B．不填；不填 C．a(chǎn)n；a D．a(chǎn)n；不填
4．Young as he is，David has gained rich experience in society．
A．不填；不填 B．the；the C．a(chǎn)；不填 D．不填；the
5．People regard the wheel as invention of the
first importance in human history．
A．a(chǎn)n；the B．a(chǎn)n；不填 C．the；the D．the；不填
6．Mr Stock，who is in Mexico on ，runs small business．
A．business；a B．business；不填 C．the business；a D．business；不填
7．Fortunately he will go on holiday in place of Brown．
A．不填；the B．不填；不填 C．不填；a D．the；不填
8．Zhang Hua is a student at ．
A．the University of
Beijing
B．the
C．Beijing University
D．
9．Many people are still in habit of writing silly things in public places．
A．the；the B．不填；不填 C．the；不填 D．不填；the
10．Wouldn’t it be wonderful world if all nations
lived in peace with one another?
A．a(chǎn)；不填 B．the；不填 C．a(chǎn)；the D．the；the
11．Your uncle must have X- ray examination．
A．a(chǎn) B．不填 C．the D．a(chǎn)n
12．I remember he lives in south，so we shouldn’t be walking to west．
A．the；the B．不填；不填 C．不填；the D．the；不填
13．Where is ?
A．the manager office B．the office of the manager
C．the manager’s office D．the office of the manager’s
14．Five years ago her brother was university student of physics．
A．a(chǎn)n；the B．a(chǎn)；不填 C．a(chǎn)n；不填 D．a(chǎn)；the
15．―Do you know who invented telephone?
―No，but it is really most useful invention．
A．the；the B．a(chǎn)；a C．the；a D．a(chǎn)；the
16．Summers in south of France are for most part dry and sunny．
A．不填；a B．the；不填 C．不填；不填 D．the；the
17．The police have power to arrest bad people by 1aw．
A．the；the B．不填；the C．不填；不填 D．the；不填
18．―Do you like the novels?
―I don’t like either of them．Please show me third one．
A．a(chǎn) B．the C．不填 D．a(chǎn)n
19．Keep away from the cage. lion is fierce animal．
A．The；the B．A；the C．A；不填 D．a(chǎn)；不填
20．Now the machine runs at double .
A．a(chǎn) speed B．speed C．the speed D．for speed
21．My mother is usually on duty in her office every few days．
A．the；a B．不填；不填 C．不填；a D．a(chǎn)；不填
22．My brother likes to play football while my sister prefers to play violin．
A．不填；a B．不填；不填 C．the；不填 D．the；the
23．I came by sea and I had a 1ovely journey on Queen Elizabeth II．
A．不填；the B．the；不填 C．不填：不填 D．the；the
24．Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid
A．by a hour B．by an hour C．by the hour D．by hours
25．―I’m afraid I dare not speak in public．
―Just have try．
A．a(chǎn)；不填 B．不填；a C．the；a D．the；the
26．―What’s your elder sister?
―She is teacher and writer．
A．the；the B．a(chǎn)；不填 C．a(chǎn)；a D．the；a
27．She plays violin fairly well and makes a living by teaching violin．
A．the；不填 B．不填；不填 C．a(chǎn)；不填 D．a(chǎn)；a
28．These two rooms are of size．But another two rooms are three times size of them．
A．the；the B．a(chǎn)；the C．a(chǎn)；a D．the；a
29．He served in the army in when he was in
A．
C．1940s’；his
twenties D．the
30．This computer centre is larger than that one in the area．
A．one sixth B．four ninths C．fifth four D．two third
31．Paper produced every year is the world’s production of vehicles．
A．the three times weight of B．three times the weight of
C．a(chǎn)s three tirues heavy D．three times as heavier as
32．The hero of the story is an artist in his ．
A．thirtieth B．thirty C．thirty’s D．thirties
33．Mr Smith me to buy several eggs for the dinner．
A．a(chǎn)sked；dozen B．suggested；dozens of
C．had；dozen D．persuaded；dozens
34．―Tell me where you live，please．
―I live ．
A．in 123，King Street B．a(chǎn)t 123，King Street
C．in King Street，123 D．a(chǎn)t King Street，123
35．30％ of the cattle thin，but the rest fat．
A．a(chǎn)re；are B．is；is C．is；are D．a(chǎn)re；is
(四)介詞與連詞
1．We offered him our congratulations his passing the college entrance exams．
A．a(chǎn)t B．0n C．for D．of
2．Let’s walk over――the sun．
A．in B．to C．under D．by
3．We’re all going to the games．Why don’t you come ?
A．up B．a(chǎn)cross C．a(chǎn)long D．to
4．If you are worried about the problem，you should do something it．
A．a(chǎn)bout B．for C．a(chǎn)gainst D．with
5．I wanted two seats Madame Curie for Friday night，so I rang the cinema to see if I could book two tickets．
A．of B．a(chǎn)bout C．to D．for
6．He thought the jar made of earth little value and 1et me have it only one dollar．
A．with；for B．of；for C．of；by D．with；by
7．We can’t feel that we are going forward as everythjng us is moving the same speed．
A．a(chǎn)round；at B．a(chǎn)round；with C．before；at D．with；in
8．The two rings are so alike that it is difficult to tell one the other．
A．very；to B．much；to C．much；from D．very；from
9．It’s so nice to go out for a walk a cool nice summer evening．
A．in B．on C．for D．a(chǎn)
10．He decided to the matter himself．
A．look through B.look into C．look after D．look up
11．I ran an old friend of mine yesterday，whom I hadn’t seen for ages．
A．a(chǎn)cross B．cross C．a(chǎn)fter D．for
12．The scientist is well known us his great achievement．
A．to；for B．by；for C．by；as D．to；in
13．This article is quite me．There are too many new words
A．a(chǎn)bove B．a(chǎn)gainst C．upon D．beyond
14．Does John know any other foreign languages French？
A．except B．but C．besides D．beside
15．She thought I was talking about her daughter， ，in fact，I was talking about my daughter．
A．whom B．where C．which D．while
16．They were surprised that a child should work out the problem they themselves couldn’t．
A．once B．then C．while D．if
17．My name is Robert， most of my friends call me Bob for short．
A．then B．instead C．however D．but
18．―I don’t like reading watching TV．What about you?
―I don’t like reading all day， I 1ike watching TV plays．
A．a(chǎn)nd；but B．a(chǎn)nd；and C．or；and D．or；but
19．It was raining hard， ，the peasants went on with their work．
A．but B．a(chǎn)nd C．however D．a(chǎn)lthough
20．―What do you want those old boxes?
―To put things in when I move to the new flat．
A．by B．for C．of D．with
(五)形容詞與副詞
1．If we had followed his plan，we could have done the
job better with money and people．
A．1ess；less B．fewer；fewer C．1ess；fewer D．fewer；less
2．It is impossible for so workers to do so work in a single day．
A．few；much B．few；many C．1ittle；much D．little；many
3．―If you don’t like the red coat，take the blue one．
―0K，but do you have size in blue?This one is a bit tight for me．
A．big B．a(chǎn) bigger C．the big D．the bigger
4．After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced tractors in 1988 as the year before．
A．a(chǎn)s twice many B．a(chǎn)s many twice C．twice as many D．twice many as
5．―How did you find your visit to the museum?
―I thoroughly enjoyed it．It was than I expected．
A．far more interesting B．even much interesting
C．so more interesting D．a(chǎn) lot much interesting
6．If there were no examinations，we should have at schoo1．
A．the happiest time B．a(chǎn) more happier time
C．much happiest time D．a(chǎn) much happier time
7．On the river there is bridge．
A．a(chǎn)n old fine stone B．a(chǎn) fine new wood
C．a(chǎn) stone fine old D．a(chǎn) new wood fine
8．If I had ，I’d visit Europe，stopping at all the small interesting places．
A．a(chǎn) long enough holiday B．a(chǎn)n enough long holiday
C．a(chǎn) holiday enough long D．a(chǎn) long holiday enough
9．It Was raining heavily．Little Mary felt cold，so she stood to her mother．
A．close B．closely C．closed D．closing
10．The means of getting from place to place in
the city is the bus．
A．most commonly useful public B．most commonly public used
C．public used more commonly D．most commonly used public
11.Alice is going camping with girls．
A．1ittle two other B．two other little
C．two 1ittle other D．1ittle 0ther two
12.Where have you been days?
A．a(chǎn)ll last these few B．these all last few
C．1ast all few these D．a(chǎn)ll these last few
13.He has made progress that all of us want to learn from him．
A．such a good B．so good a
C．a(chǎn) so good D．such good
14.All the people at the party were his supporters.
A．present B．thankful C．interested D．important
15.This kind of apple tastes and sells
A．well；well B．good；good C．good；well D．well；good
16．The storm kept me all through the night．
A．a(chǎn)wake B．a(chǎn)woke C．a(chǎn)waked D．a(chǎn)waken
17．My brother was still studying into the night while I was asleep．
A．1ate；sound B．1ately；wide C．deeply；far D．far；late
18．The temperature
of a person is about
A．formal B．normal C．common D．usual
19．I’m always very when I was asked to recite the text in class．
A．curious B．nervous C．mysterious D．sad
20．It Was impossible for her to get the 9 o’clock train，I know she got up at
9：15．
A．quite B．very C．too D．much
(六)主謂一致
1．His Selected Poems first published in 1965．
A．were B．was C．has been D．have been
2．Twenty dollars enough for the coat．
A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．has D．have
3．Learning about Travel News and Sports News in China Daily his great interest．
A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．cause D．gives
4．His family very big and all of his family music．
A．a(chǎn)re；1ove B．a(chǎn)re；1oves C．is；have D．is；1oves
5．It Jack and Frank who been murdered．
A．a(chǎn)re；have B．is；are C．is；have D．is；has
6．Writing stories and articles what I enjoy most．
A．is B．have been C．was D．were
7．The poor woman with her two children in a street corner．
A．was seen beg B．were seen beg
C．Was seen bagging D．were seen begging
8．―Is there anybody in the classroom?
―No,the teacher as well as the students to the playground．
A．go B．went C．has gone D．have gone
9．Three-fourhs of the land by forest and grass．
A．has covered B．has been covered
C．have been covered D，are to be covered
10．―Have you heard about the new school?
―No,when and where to build the new one
A．is not decided B．a(chǎn)ren’t decided
C．has not decided D．haven’t been decided
11．E-mail，as well as telephones， an important part in daily communication．
A．is playing B．have played C．Was playing D．play
12．Not even one of the hundred students who took the test passed．
A．has B．have C．is D．a(chǎn)re
13．The worker and poet to the party the other day．
A．is invited &n
1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
依照最近的一項調(diào)查，每年有4，000，000人死于與吸煙有關的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
最近的調(diào)查顯示相當多的孩子對家庭作業(yè)沒什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
沒有一項發(fā)明像互聯(lián)網(wǎng)一樣同時受到如此多的贊揚和批評。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
人們似乎忽視了教育不應該隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束這一事實。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越來越多的人開始意識到教育不能隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
說到教育，大部分人認為其是一個終生的學習。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.
許多專家指出體育鍛煉直接有助于身體健康。
8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.
應該采取適當?shù)拇胧┫拗仆鈬糜握叩臄?shù)量，努力保護當?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史不受國際旅游業(yè)的不利影響。
9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
越來越多的專家相信移民對城市的建設起到積極作用。然而，越來越多的城市居民卻懷疑這種說法，他們抱怨民工給城市帶來了許多嚴重的問題，像犯罪和賣淫。
10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.
許多市民抱怨城市的公交車太少，以至于他們要花很長時間等一輛公交車，而車上可能已滿載乘客。
11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
無可否認，空氣污染是一個極其嚴重的問題：城市當局應該采取有力措施來解決它。
12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
一項調(diào)查顯示婦女歡迎退休。
一份適當?shù)臉I(yè)余工作并不會占用學生太多的時間，事實上，把全部的時間都用到學習上并不健康，正如那句老話：只工作，不玩耍，聰明的孩子會變傻。
14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
任何政府忽視這一點都將付出巨大的代價。
15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
當前，一提到即將開始的學校生活，許多學生都會興高采烈。然而，對多數(shù)年輕人來說，校園剛開始的日子并不是什么愉快的經(jīng)歷。
16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
考慮到問題的嚴重性，在事態(tài)進一步惡化之前，必須采取有效的措施。
17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分學生相信業(yè)余工作會使他們有更多機會發(fā)展人際交往能力，而這對他們未來找工作是非常有好處的。
18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.
無可爭辯，現(xiàn)在有成千上萬的人仍過著挨餓受凍的痛苦生活。
19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
盡管這一觀點被廣泛接受，很少有證據(jù)表明教育能夠在任何地點、任何年齡進行。
20. No one can deny the fact that a person's education is the most important aspect of his life.
沒有人能否認：教育是人生最重要的一方面。
21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.
人們把會使用計算機與人生成功相提并論。
22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
在過去的幾十年，先進的醫(yī)療技術已經(jīng)使得人們比過去活的時間更長成為可能。
23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.
事實上，我們必須承認生命的質(zhì)量和生命本身一樣重要。
24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我們應該不遺余力地美化我們的環(huán)境。
25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
人們相信擁有計算機技術可以獲得更多工作或提升的機會。
26. The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.
從這幾年我搜集的信息來看，這些知識并沒有人們想象的那么有用。
27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.
現(xiàn)在，人們普遍認為沒有一所大學能夠在畢業(yè)時候教給學生所有的知識。
28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.
這是一個關系到生死的問題，任何國家都不能忽視。
29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:
我同意后者，有如下理由：
30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.
在給出我的觀點之前，我想看看雙方的觀點是重要的。
31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
這一觀點正受到越來越多人的質(zhì)疑。
32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
盡管許多人認為隨著經(jīng)濟的高速發(fā)展，用自行車的人數(shù)會減少，自行車可能會消亡， 然而，這幾年我收集的一些信息讓我相信自行車仍然會繼續(xù)在現(xiàn)代社會發(fā)揮極其重要的作用。
33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
環(huán)境學家指出：持續(xù)增加的污染不僅會導致像全球變暖這樣嚴重的問題，而且還將威脅到人類在這個星球的生存。
34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
考慮到這些嚴重的狀況，我們比以往任何時候更需要像自行車這樣的環(huán)保型交通工具。
35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
使用自行車有助于人們的身體健康，并極大地緩解了交通阻塞。
36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
盡管自行車有許多明顯的優(yōu)點，但是它也存在它的問題。
37. Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
在速度和舒適度方面，自行車是無法和汽車、火車這樣的交通工具相比的。
38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
通過以上討論，我們可以得出結(jié)論：自行車的優(yōu)點遠大于缺點，并且在現(xiàn)代社會它仍將發(fā)揮重要作用。
39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
當前在高校和研究機構(gòu)對教育存在著大量爭論，其中一個問題就是教育是否是個終身學習的過程。
40. This issue has caused wide public concern.
這個問題已經(jīng)引起了廣泛關注。
41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
必須指出學習只能靠自己。
42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.
許多人存在這樣的誤解，認為離開學校就意味著結(jié)束了他們的教育。顯然，他們忽視了教育是人生重要部分這一基本事實。
43. As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:
就我而言，我同意教育不應該隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束的觀點，有以下原因：
44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
人們普遍認為高校是不可能在畢業(yè)的時候教會他們的學生所有知識的。
45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
即使最優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生，要想成為一個博學的人也要不斷地學習。
46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
人們普遍認為我們的現(xiàn)代科技使我們的社會發(fā)生了巨大的變化，近幾十年人類在科技方面取得了驚人的進步。
47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始相信學習新的技術和知識能直接幫助他們獲得工作就會或提升的機會。
48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
一項調(diào)查顯示許多老人都有到大學繼續(xù)學習的愿望。
49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
對大多數(shù)人來講，退休以后，閱讀或?qū)W習一項新技術已成為他們生活的中心和快樂的來源。
50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
對于那些想過上健康而有意義的生活的人們來說，找時間學習一些新知識是很重要的，正如那句老話：活到老，學到老
51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students' doing a part-time job.
對于大學或高中生打工這一現(xiàn)象，校園里進行著廣泛的爭論。
52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.
通過做一份和專業(yè)相關的工作，學生不僅能夠提高他們的專業(yè)能力，而且能獲得從課本上得不到的經(jīng)驗。
53. Although people’s lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.
近幾十年，盡管人們的生活有了驚人的改變，但必須承認，由于學費和書費日益飛漲，資金短缺仍然是學生們面臨的最大問題之一。
54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.
因此，業(yè)余工作掙來的錢將強有力地支持學生們繼續(xù)他們的求學生活。
55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.
通過上面的討論，我們不難得出結(jié)論：業(yè)余工作對學生們會產(chǎn)生深遠的影響，我們應鼓勵學生從事業(yè)余工作，這將有利于學生和他們的家庭，甚至整個社會。
56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.
現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人們開始抱怨工作比以前更有壓力。許多專家指出這是現(xiàn)代社會發(fā)展必然的結(jié)果，無法避免。
57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.
人們普遍認為計算機和其他機器已經(jīng)成為我們社會必不可少的一部分。 它們使我們的生活更舒適，減少了大量勞動。
58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.
同時，隨著這些機器帶給我們的好處，員工們也必須要學習與之相關的知識以便使用它們。
59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.
沒有人能否認這一基本事實：對于一般工人來講，輕松掌握這些技術是不可能的。
60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.
第二方面，失業(yè)的人似乎太多而又沒有足夠的工作崗位。
61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.
成千上萬的人們不得不花費更多的精力和時間學習新的技術和知識，使得他們在就業(yè)市場能保持優(yōu)勢。
62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.
根據(jù)最近的一項調(diào)查，越來越多的人表達了想從事另外的工作或加班以賺取更多的錢來補貼家用的強烈愿望。
63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.
通過以上討論，我完全相信，隨著現(xiàn)代社會的進步，幽閑的生活方式正在消失并不是件壞事。
64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.
近些年，國際旅游的問題引起了廣泛關注。
65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.
許多人認為國際旅游對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展有積極作用，應鼓勵地方政府發(fā)展國際旅游。
66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.
但是這些人忽視了國際旅游可能會給當?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史造成的災難性的影響。
67. As for me, I'm firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:
就我而言，我堅定地認為國外旅游者的數(shù)量應得到限制，理由如下：
68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.
另外，為了吸引旅游者，大量人工設施被修建，這對環(huán)境是不利的。
69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.
由于缺乏獨特的文化，一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此，國外旅游者數(shù)量的快速增加可能最終會導致當?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)的衰敗。
70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.
近些年，父母要求他們的孩子接受額外的教育呈增長的勢頭。
71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.
這一現(xiàn)象在全世界許多地方已引起了廣泛關注。
72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.
許多家長相信額外的教育活動有許多優(yōu)點，通過學習，他們的孩子可以獲得很多實踐技能和有用的知識，當他們長大后，這些對他們就業(yè)是大有好處的。
73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.
首先，額外的學習對孩子們的身體發(fā)育是不利的。教育專家指出，孩子們在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，從事一些體育活動，而不是額外的學習，是非常重要的。
74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.
孩子們正處于身體快速發(fā)育時期，缺乏體育鍛煉可能會對他們未來的生活造成嚴重的影響。
75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.
第二，從心理上講，大部分孩子似乎對額外的學習沒有什么好感。
76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.
當別的孩子在玩耍的時候，很難想象一個學生能集中精力在課本上。
77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.
而且，由于要額外地學習，孩子們沒有多少時間和同齡的孩子玩耍和交流，很難培養(yǎng)他們的個性和交際能力。他們可能變得孤僻甚至產(chǎn)生某些心理疾病。
78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldn't be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.
通過以上討論，我們可以得出結(jié)論：盡管額外學習的確有很多優(yōu)點，但它的缺點不可忽視，且遠大于它的優(yōu)點。因此，放學后強迫孩子額外學習是不明智的。
79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
任何家長都應非常重視保持孩子在學習與玩耍的平衡，正如那句老話：只工作，不玩耍，聰明的孩子會變傻。
80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.
現(xiàn)在，父親或母親留在家里照顧他們的孩子而不愿過早返回工作崗位正成為增加的趨勢。
81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.
父母們堅定地相信把孩子送到幼兒園對他們的成長不利。
82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.
然而，這一想法正遭受越來越多的專家的質(zhì)疑，他們指出，孩子總是呆在家里，和父母在一起，是不健康的。
83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.
盡管父母能在他們孩子身上投入更多時間和精力，但是必須承認，與工作在幼兒園的專職教師相比，他們在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知識和經(jīng)驗。
84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents' desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.
通過以上討論，我們可以得出如下結(jié)論：盡管家長想親自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是這樣做的缺點遠大于優(yōu)點。
85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.
應該鼓勵父母將他們的孩子送到幼兒園，這將對孩子，家庭，甚至整個社會產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。
86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.
只要一提起藝術和文化項目，一些政府領導就會興奮不已，他們滔滔不絕地說著美麗的公園，城市中心漂亮的雕塑，還有滿是稀世珍寶的藝術展覽館。他們認為在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中，沒有什么比這些藝術項目更重要了。
87. But is it really the case? The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.
這是真的嗎？這些年我收集的信息讓我相信這些文化、藝術項目并沒有許多政府想象的那么重要。事實上，基礎設施建設非常重要，應該放在首位。
88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.
那些贊成建設文化藝術項目的人認為文化環(huán)境會吸引更多的游客，這將給當?shù)鼐用駧砭薮蟮睦�。一些人甚至把建設文化藝術項目與發(fā)展經(jīng)濟建設等同起來。
89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.
然而，很少有證據(jù)表明大公司愿意把巨額的資金投到一個連水電這些基礎設施都不完善的地方去。
90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in people's life and economic growth.
通過以上討論，我們有理由相信在人們的生活和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方面，基礎建設比藝術文化項目發(fā)揮更大的作用。
91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.
那些城市的規(guī)劃者們?nèi)绻鲆曔@一點，將會付出他們無法承受的代價。
92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.
農(nóng)民進城打工正成為增長的趨勢，這一問題在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍關注。
93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.
一項調(diào)查顯示許多民工認為在城市打工不僅有較高的收入，而且能學到一些新技術。
94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.
必須指出，農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展似乎趕不上農(nóng)村人口的增加，并且仍有成千上萬的農(nóng)民過著缺衣挨餓的貧寒生活。
95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.
盡管民工對城市的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻，然而他們也不可避免的帶來了一些負面影響。
96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.
許多社會學家指出民工正給人口控制和社會治安帶來壓力。他們正在威脅著本已蕭條的工作市場，他們惡化了交通和公共衛(wèi)生狀況。
97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants' lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.
建議政府應該努力減少正在拉大的城鄉(xiāng)差距。應該劃撥適當?shù)馁Y金提高農(nóng)民的生活水平；應該邀請農(nóng)業(yè)專家向農(nóng)民介紹他們的經(jīng)驗，知識和信息，這些將有助于發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟。
98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants' lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.
總之，我們應理智考慮這一問題，重視農(nóng)民的生活。任何政府忽視這一點都將付出巨大的代價。
99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.
盡管來自高校和研究院的許多專家堅持認為這是獨立生活不可避免的一部分，然而越來越多的家長開始意識到包括教師和教育專家在內(nèi)的人們應該認真對待這一問題。
100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.
我認為，首先應看看學生們在校園可能遇到哪些問題。
101. In addition to the obvious problem--loneliness, another major obstacle, in my opinion, is the alien environment of campus.
除了孤獨這一明顯的問題之外，我認為另一個困難是對校園環(huán)境的不熟悉。
102. Freshmen often get lost on campus; fail to find the way to dormitory or library.
新生常常在校園迷路，不知道去宿舍或圖書館該怎么走。
103. Most important of all, apart from their hometown and parents, students couldn't catch sight of any familiar face and have to suffer from homelessness, which can cause certain serious mental disease.
更重要的是，離開了家鄉(xiāng)和父母，看不到任何熟悉的面孔，他們不得不忍受思家之苦，這可能會導致嚴重的精神疾病。
104. In the first place, school authorities should provide far more services to help freshmen to get used to the new life as soon as possible.
首先，學校應提供更多的服務，幫助新生盡快適應新的生活。
105. The senior and junior students could share their own experience about how to overcome the difficulty they have ever met, how to adjust to the new environment with the new students.
高年級學生可以與新生一起分享他們的經(jīng)歷：如何克服遇到的困難，如何適應新的環(huán)境。
106. At the same time, young people should be encouraged to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence on their parents and are essential in the maintenance of healthy mental condition.
同時，應該鼓勵年輕人和他們的同齡人交往，發(fā)展他們的交際能力，這將幫助他們極大地減少對父母的倚賴并且保持健康的精神狀態(tài)。
107. In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem and make our maximum contribution to help them spend their first day on campus smoothly.
總之，我們應重視這個問題，盡最大努力幫助他們平穩(wěn)度過他們最初的校園生活。
108. There is a general discussion over fashion in recent years. One of the questions under debate is whether a person should choose comfortable clothes, which he or she likes, regardless of fashion.
近些年，關于時尚存在著廣泛的爭論。其中一個問題就是一個人是否應選擇他喜歡的舒適的衣服，而不管是否時尚。
109. This issue is becoming a matter of concern for more and more people, especially for parents and experts in education.
這一問題已被越來越多的人所關注，尤其是父母和教育專家。
110. Many young people always go into raptures at the merely mention of buying fashion clothes. And they seem to be attracted by colorful material, various styles of fashion clothes. There is nothing, they maintain, that can't be compared with fashion clothes. In fact, fashion clothes had become indispensable part of youngster's life.
許多年輕人一提到時尚服裝就興高采烈。他們似乎被時尚服裝那多彩的面料，各種不同的款式所吸引。
111. Many people seem to overlook the basic fact: the major function of clothing is to keep us warm and comfortable.
許多人似乎忽視了這個基本事實：衣服的基本功能是保持我們舒適和溫暖。
112. Furthermore, people who addict to fashion clothes have to spend more time going shopping and pay more attention to the impression they make on others. As a result, it is impossible to devote enough time and energy in their study and job.
而且，沉湎于時尚服裝的人們不得不花費更多時間逛商店，更加注意自己給別人的印象。因此，他們不可能有足夠的時間用于學習或工作。
沒有人能否認這一重要事實：最近幾年交通問題在全世界受到了普遍關注。越來越多的專家開始相信這種狀況將對當?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟發(fā)展產(chǎn)生不利影響。
114. There are several reasons for this problem. One of the main reasons is that the number of vehicles is increasing much more rapidly than building of roads. Another primary reason is that there seem to be too many private cars and not enough public buses.
關于這個問題，有很多原因。一個主要原因是車輛增加的數(shù)量遠快于道路的建設。另一個主要原因是私家車過多而公交車不夠。
115. Meanwhile, the numbers of people, who have access to their own cars, have risen sharply in the recent years.
同時，擁有私人轎車的人數(shù)這幾年卻在快速增加。
116. Moreover, many people, including drivers and cyclists, do not obey the traffic rules properly, especially at busy intersections. And this undoubtedly worsens the already grave situation.
而且，許多人，包括司機和騎自行車的人，不能很好地遵守交通規(guī)則，特別是在繁忙的十字路口，這無疑使本已嚴重的狀況雪上加霜。
117. The number of private cars in urban areas should be limited while the number of public buses should be increased.
在城市私人轎車的數(shù)量應得到控制而公交車的數(shù)量應該增加。
118. When asked what kind of school they are willing to send their children to attend, many parents say they would choose a boarding school rather than day schools for their children.
當問到愿意將孩子送到哪種學校的時候，許多父母認為他們會選擇寄宿學校而不是日制學校。
119. Many survey show that people in increasing numbers are beginning to recognize that boarding school provides better environment and facilities for children.
許多調(diào)查顯示越來越多的人開始意識到寄宿學校能給他們的孩子提供較好的學習環(huán)境和設施。
120. At the same time, there are still many people who live under the traditional ideas that day schools play an extremely important role in children's study.
同時，仍有許多人持傳統(tǒng)觀點認為日制學校對孩子的學習發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用。
121. On the one hand, it is indisputable that boarding schools are exerting a growing important effect, especially in last few years.
一方面，寄宿學校正在發(fā)揮越來越重要的作用，尤其是最近幾年，這是無可爭辯的。
122. Students attend a boarding school would cultivate their independence as apart from their parents.
離開父母上寄宿學校的學生將會培養(yǎng)他們的獨立性。
123. What's more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.
而且，生活在學校里能節(jié)省大量每天往返于學校和家的路上的時間，這會使他們有更多的時間和精力放在學習上。
124. On the other hand, the contribution of day schools can't be ignored.
另一方面，日制學校的貢獻是不能忽視的。
125. Due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.
因為較高的學費，大部分普通家庭支付不起他們的孩子上寄宿學校的費用。
126. Since it is unnecessary to consider student's routine life, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.
由于無需考慮學生的日常生活，日制學�？梢詫⒅攸c放在教學上而不是放在像宿舍和食堂管理這些方面。
127. Furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.
而且，學生生活在自己家中，有舒適的生活，并有更多機會和父母交流，這對他們個性的培養(yǎng)是有利的。
128. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.
通過以上討論，我們可以得出結(jié)論，寄宿學校和日制學校對我們社會培養(yǎng)年輕學生都是重要的。
129. There is much discussion over science and technology. One of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.
關于科學技術存在許多爭論，其中一個問題是當國家發(fā)展現(xiàn)代科學技術時，傳統(tǒng)的技術方法是否可能會消亡？
130. As for me, the declining of traditional technology and methods is not a bad thing; it is the natural result of progress of society.
我認為，傳統(tǒng)技術方法的消亡不一定是壞事，這是社會進步的自然結(jié)果。
131. In the first place, some aspects of the traditional technology and methods are harmful and hampering the development of modern technology science.
首先，傳統(tǒng)技術方法有些部分是有害的，并且會阻礙現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展。
132. Although modern science and technology have proved that such methods are absurd, there are still millions of people use such methods in many remote places nowadays.
盡管現(xiàn)代科學技術已經(jīng)證明了這些方法是愚昧的，然而在許多偏僻的地方，仍有成千上萬的人們在使用這些方法。
133. In the second place, many values of traditional technology are out of date and should be replaced by modern science.
第二點，許多傳統(tǒng)技術方法已經(jīng)過時，應被現(xiàn)代科技所取代。
134. Although many people tend to live under the illusion that traditional technology and methods are still playing extremely important role in people's life, an increasing evidences show that it is less useful than many people think.
盡管許多人保持著傳統(tǒng)觀念，認為傳統(tǒng)技術方法在人們生活中仍發(fā)揮著重要作用，但是越來越多的證據(jù)顯示它并沒有人們想象的有用。
135. From what has been discussed above, I firmly believe that time will prove that traditional technology and methods would die out with the development of modern science and technology. The maintenance of the traditional technology and methods is futile.
通過以上討論，我堅定地相信時間會證明傳統(tǒng)技術方法將會隨著現(xiàn)代技術的發(fā)展而消亡，堅持傳統(tǒng)技術方法是徒勞的。
136. At the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.
當技術的發(fā)展意味著我們會吸入更多有害氣體時，我們比任何時候更需要森林。
137. Nothing is more important than to receive education.
沒有比接受教育更重要的事。
138. We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我們再怎么強調(diào)保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。
139. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
無可否認，我們的生活品質(zhì)已經(jīng)每況愈下。
140. It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。
141. There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫無疑問，我們的教育制度令人不滿意。
142. An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create any pollution.
使用太陽能的優(yōu)點是它不會產(chǎn)生任何污染。
143. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應我們新鮮的空氣。
144. So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.
時間是如此珍貴，我們不能浪費它。
145. Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
雖然我們的國家很富有，但是我們的生活質(zhì)量卻令人很不滿意。
146. The harder you work, the more progress you make.
你越努力，你越進步。
147. The more books we read, the more learned we become.
我們書讀得越多，我們越有學問。
148. To average people, they often tend to live under the illusion that English often means a good opportunity for one's career, is this really the case?
對于一般人來說，他們常常以為掌握英語就意味著一份好的工作，然而這是真的嗎？
149. By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
通過體育鍛煉，我們能夠始終保持健康。
150. Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 聽音樂能使我們放松。
151. On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我們絕對不能忽視知識的價值。
152. It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
該是有關當局采取適當?shù)拇胧﹣斫鉀Q交通問題的時候了。
153. Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
違反交通規(guī)則的人應該受到處罰。
154. There is no one but longs to go to college.
人們都希望上大學。
155. Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考試迫在眉睫，我不得不放棄作運動。
156. It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知，知識在我們的一生中扮演一個重要的角色。
157. Summer is sultry. That's the reason why I don't like it.
夏天很悶熱，這就是我不喜歡它的原因。
158. The progress of the society is based on harmony.
社會的進步是以和諧為基礎的。
159. We should bring home to people the value of working hard.
我們應該讓人們知道努力的價值。
160. Taking exercise is closely related to health.
作運動與健康息息相關。
161. We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我們應該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習慣。
162. The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我們的交通狀況令人不滿意。
163. Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽煙對我們的健康有很大的影響。
164.
讀書對心靈有益。
165. Overwork does harm to health.
工作過度對健康有害。
166. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染對我們的生存造成巨大威脅。
167. We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.
我們應盡全力去達成我們的人生目標。
168. Weather a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.
家庭人口多好還是家庭人口少好是一個非常通俗的主題，不僅是城里人，而且農(nóng)民都經(jīng)常討論這個問題。
169. As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.
眾所周知，假冒偽劣商品損害了消費者的利益。
170. Today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. In order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.
現(xiàn)在，愈來愈多的人認識到法制教育的重要性。為了維護社會治安 ，我們每人都應該接受法制教育。
171. From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on TV has great influence on youngsters' behavior.
從上面我所提到的，我們可以清楚地看到，電視暴力對青少年的影響是極其深遠的。
172. There are two reasons for the improvement in people's living conditions. In the first place, we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. Secondly, there has been a rapid expansion of our national economy. Furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.
人民生活狀況的改善原因有兩點。首先，我們一直在貫徹執(zhí)行改革開放政策。其次，國民經(jīng)濟正在迅速發(fā)展，而且出生率已經(jīng)得到控制。
173. My suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. To begin with, it is urgent to create nature reserves. Secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. Finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.
我對解決這個問題的建議如下：首先，迫在眉睫的是建立自然保護區(qū)。其次，有些瀕臨滅絕的珍稀野生動物應該收捕、人工喂養(yǎng)并繁殖。最后，對于捕獵珍稀野生動物的人必須嚴懲。
174. People differ in their attitudes towards failure. Faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. Others, however, lose heart and give in.
人們對失敗持有不同的態(tài)度。面對失敗，有人能夠經(jīng)得起考驗，從失敗中汲取教訓，并努力去完成他們下定決心要做的事情。然而，另一些人卻喪失信心并退卻了。
175. It is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.
人們希望建立更多的醫(yī)院、購物中心、娛樂中心、電影院和其他公用設施來滿足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的需求。
176. As a popular saying goes, "everything has two sides." Now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions. On the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. People in many countries are suffering from public hazards.
常言道：事情總是一分為二的。如今人們從科技發(fā)明中得到越來越多的好處。另一方面，科技進步也給我們帶來了許多麻煩�，F(xiàn)在許多國家 的人民飽受公害之苦。
177. Let's take cars for example. They not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. Furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. The noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.
就拿汽車為例。汽車不僅污染城市空氣，而且使城市擁擠不堪。此外，汽車造成許多交通事故。汽車所產(chǎn)生的噪音使居住在街道兩旁的居民日夜不得安寧。
178. It is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.
普遍認為，在發(fā)達國家人口增長的主要原因與其說是出生率的上升，還不如說是由于醫(yī)療保健的改善使死亡率下降了。
179. There is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.
毫無疑問，需求的增長導致了價格的上漲。
180. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
由于人口的猛增或大量人口流動（現(xiàn)代交通工具使這種流動相對容易）引發(fā)的種種問題也會對社會造成新的壓力。
181. With the opening and reform policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign visitors are crowding into our country. They are eager to see this old mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000years.
隨著改革開放政策的貫徹執(zhí)行，數(shù)以萬計的外國游人涌入中國。他們渴望參觀這個有著5000多年燦爛文化的神秘古國。
182. Tourism brings
旅游業(yè)給中國帶來許多好處。首先，它使中國人了解外界，并有助于促進友誼和理解。其次，在經(jīng)濟上也有利于我國，因為中國現(xiàn)代化建設需要大量的外匯。
183 Tourism, however, gives rise to a number of problems. For instance, it becomes a burden to inefficient transportation system.
旅游業(yè)也引起許多問題。例如，它增加了我國本來效率不高的運輸系統(tǒng)的負擔。
184. Besides, the living standard of the average Chinese is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expensed during long distance travels.
此外，中國人民的生活水平還沒有高到足以使普通中國人有錢支付長途旅行的各種開支。
185. As for me, with the development of our national economy, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.
至于我，我相信，隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，這些問題必將逐步解決。
186. A much better and brighter future awaits us.
我們期望有一個更加光明的未來。
187. When an opportunity comes, it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own.
每當機遇降臨，伴之而來的是成功的希望，但是機遇不能自行實現(xiàn)成功。
188. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you.
假如你要取得成就或要實現(xiàn)你的雄心壯志，你必須努力工作、艱苦奮斗、準備好條件。否則，機遇來臨你卻無法利用。
189. The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. The successful person always makes adequate preparations to meet opportunities as they duly arrive. The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see pass by.
成功者與失敗者的區(qū)別在于處理機遇的態(tài)度。成功者做好充分準備迎接機遇的適時來臨。而失敗者工作懶散，眼看機遇悄然而過。
190. In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly can make use of them to achieve purpose.
我的觀點是：在我們的社會里，人人都有許多機遇，但是只有那些做好充分準備并且高度稱職的人才能利用機遇達到目的。
191. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.
人類學家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，恐懼，快樂，悲傷和驚奇都會行之于色，這在全人類是共通的。
192. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
一個地方的人口越多，對其水。交通和垃圾處理的需求就會越大。
193. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.
兒童在能說或能聽懂語言之前，很久就會通過面部表情和靠發(fā)出噪聲來與人交流了。
194. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.
父母的教導如果堅定，理性，始終如一，孩子就有可能充滿自信。
195. Television, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.
電視，這項從迅速變化和成長為標志的最普及和最有影響力的現(xiàn)代技術，正在步入一個新時代，一個極為成熟和多樣化的時代，這將重塑我們的生活和世界。
196. Television is more than just an electronic appliance; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
電視不僅僅是一件電器；它是表達的手段和交流的載體，并因此成為聯(lián)系他人的有力工具。
197. I am always amazed when I heard people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.
每當我聽說體育運動能夠在國家間建立起友好感情，說世界各地的普通人只要能在足球場或板球場上相遇就會沒有興趣在戰(zhàn)場上相遇的話，我都倍感詫異。
198. One of the great early writers wrote that: Work is the grand cure of all the maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind. If this is true, then the present situation should make us wonder whether the measure that the average worker is obliged to retire at the age of 50 is reasonable.
一位偉大的作家曾寫到：工作是醫(yī)治人間一切病痛和疾苦的萬應良藥。 如果是這樣的話，那么現(xiàn)在的狀況應使我們想一想，強迫普通工人在50歲退休是否合理。
199. "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.
著名作家蕭伯納曾說過：在這個世界上取得成功的人，都努力去尋求他們想要的機會，如果找不到時，他們就自己創(chuàng)造機會。這一觀點現(xiàn)在正在被越來越多的人所接受。
200. Adler is correct in this assertion that education does not end with graduation.
阿得勒這句話很正確，教育不能隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束
2008年作文試題18套解析匯編與滿分作文精選匯編
第一套
全國1卷（河北、河南、山西、陜西、廣西）
閱讀下面的文字，根據(jù)要求寫一篇不少于800字的文章。
2008年5月12日14時28分，四川省汶川縣發(fā)生里氏8.0級特大地震。
人民的生命高于一切。
胡錦濤、溫家寶等黨政軍領導人迅速趕赴災區(qū)指導抗震救災。
十多萬解放軍、武警和公安民警，各省市的救援隊、醫(yī)療隊、工程搶修隊迅速進入災區(qū)，港澳救援隊和國際救援隊飛抵災區(qū)。志愿者從四面八方匯聚災區(qū)。救援物資從水陸空源源不斷運進災區(qū)。
一位中學教師趴在講臺上用生命保護了下面的四個學生。一位失去15個親人的縣民政局長連續(xù)指揮救災5天只睡了七個小時。幸存者的生還奇跡在不斷突破。100小時、150小時、196小時――
中央電視臺24小時播報。19日14時28分舉國哀悼。
一樣的愛心，不一樣的表達。捐款、獻血、義演、關注――
要求選一個角度構(gòu)思作文，自主確定立意，確定文體，確定標題，不要脫離材料的內(nèi)
容及含義的范圍作文，不要套作，不得抄襲。
【考題評析】
在高考前，大家對汶川地震的期望度很高，應該說大部分考生都能如愿以償押中了今年的高考作文題目，作為全國卷，緊扣當前熱點，還是有些出乎筆者意料。根據(jù)汶川地震發(fā)生的時間可以知道，這個作文題目可能是命題人的臨時更改。
這個作文題目很好地體現(xiàn)了命題人的情感指向，責任感、使命感，畢竟汶川地震不僅對中國產(chǎn)生了重大影響，而且對整個世界也產(chǎn)生了影響，這個體現(xiàn)了出題人的人文關懷，大眼界，大視角。
這個作文題目應該說每個考生都有話可說，因為親情、友誼、互助這些都是中華民族的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，即使對汶川地震不是太了解，也一樣可以寫出動人的文章。考生要抓住最后的一句話：“關愛相同，只是形式不同�！�
【滿分佳作】
青山一道同風雨
“輕輕地握著你的手，為你把眼淚擦干。這顆心永遠屬于你，告訴我不再孤單。”
5月19日14時28分起，整個奔忙飛跑的中國，在尖利的防空警報聲后停頓三分鐘。
七天前的同一時刻，一場特大地震撼動了大半個中國，神州上下，共此國殤。
國殤是一場悲劇，然而，國殤更是一次空前的團聚。
很久之前，詩人王昌齡這么寫道：“青山一道同風雨，明月何曾是兩鄉(xiāng)�！鼻嗌綗o法阻隔我們風雨同舟的攜手，地域也不會隱沒團結(jié)一心的中華民族頭上那輪共有的明月。
一個人，一絲希望，一顆堅定的心。當救援部隊在汶川大地震的廢墟下救出被困60余小時的姑娘樂劉會時，在場的人們激動地哭了，而她卻沒有哭�！拔蚁嘈庞腥藭䜩�
救我的，一定會，我相信你們！”從未掉過一滴眼淚，這個看上去灰頭土臉的妙齡女子始終微笑著，緊緊拉著救援人員的手。一雙手和十幾雙手緊緊地交握，這是一個災民與她的救命恩人們最質(zhì)樸也最真誠的團聚。
五千米的高空有多高？問起參加救援的解放軍戰(zhàn)士，他們會告訴你：五千米是我們能否拉住受災人民的手的距離，是生與死的距離。五千米，這個國際專業(yè)領域深感不可能執(zhí)行的跳傘高度，被解放軍空降戰(zhàn)士拋在腦后。撥不開汶川上空連天蔽日的迷霧，但他們必須撥開震區(qū)人民心上的烏云。就這樣，“人民的軍隊”從五千米的高空降下，給災區(qū)斷絕天日、與世隔絕的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)帶去了救命的福音。村人們激動地說：“解放軍來了！”這壯烈的一幕便不只出現(xiàn)在革命戰(zhàn)爭年代，這是一地鄉(xiāng)民與國家之間最動人的團聚。
海洋曾把世界割裂成對立的區(qū)域，而今天海洋再不能阻斷世界的愛心匯聚到一起。這愛心來自東鄰日本每一個便利店前的捐款箱，來自大洋彼岸的美國遍及各州的慈善機構(gòu)，來自大陸西岸那些并不富有的亞非國家一筆筆友誼的捐款……中國和某些國家因意識形態(tài)而產(chǎn)生的分歧，在災難面前湮沒成沙，隨著飛機和航船源源不斷地向著東方的中國而來，這是全世界各個國家的人心最盛大的團聚。
愴然災難，古來有之。然而歷史由古至今，誰可曾見過這般撼天動地、凝聚人心的團結(jié)？《史記》中有云，民與民同心，則家安之；君與民同心，則國興之。在今天，則是人民與人民、人民與國家、國家與世界的攜手，又何愁家不安、國不興？デ嗌揭壞潰我們同歷風雨共團聚；而將五洲四海的人心聯(lián)結(jié)在一起的紐帶，是這樣一種期望：為天下立心，為生民立命，為往圣繼絕學，為萬世享太平！
【名師點評】
此文在亮出“國殤是一場悲劇，然而，國殤更是一次空前的團聚”這一觀點后，精選典型事例，通過“一個災民與她的救命恩人們最質(zhì)樸也最真誠的團聚”等三個層次，逐層深入地展開論證，最后歸結(jié)出“在今天，則是人民與人民、人民與國家、國家與世界的攜手，又何愁家不安、國不興”。全文見解新穎，內(nèi)容集中，思路清晰，材料豐富。
文章語言流暢，巧妙融合現(xiàn)代歌詞、古代詩文、現(xiàn)實場景于一爐，“青山無法阻隔我們風雨同舟的攜手，地域也不會隱沒團結(jié)一心的民族頭上那輪共有的明月”“五千米是我們能否拉住受災人民的手的距離，是生與死的距離”“撥不開汶川上空連天蔽日的迷霧，但他們必須撥開震區(qū)人民心上的烏云”等文句既飽含深情又文采飛揚，體現(xiàn)出作者深厚的寫作功底。
《青山一道同風雨》一文不是簡單地羅列現(xiàn)象，而是將內(nèi)容集中到“團聚”這一個點上，取得了很好的表達效果。它給我們的啟示是：考場作文角度要巧，開掘要深，應善于以小見大。（唐惠忠）
第二套
全國2卷
海龜和老鷹
南太平洋的小島上，有很多綠海龜孵化小龜?shù)纳逞�。一天黃昏，一只幼龜探頭探腦地爬出來。一只老鷹直沖下來要叼走它。一位好心的游客發(fā)現(xiàn)了它，連忙跑過去趕走老鷹，護著小龜爬進大海。可是，意想不到的事情發(fā)生了，沙穴里成群的幼龜魚貫而出――原來，先出來的那幼龜是個“偵查兵”，一旦遇到危險，它便縮回去，現(xiàn)在它安全到達大海，錯誤的信息使幼龜們爭先恐后地爬到毫無遮擋的海灘。好心的游客走了，原先那只在等待時機的老鷹又飛回來了，其它老鷹也跟過來了。
要求選擇一個角度構(gòu)思作文。自主確定立意，確定文體，確定標題；不要脫離材料內(nèi)容及做含意的范圍作文，不要套作，不得抄襲。
【考題評析】
這個題目也屬于“新材料作文”，屬于一個寓言故事，也屬于有關系性作文，這個故事的含義比較淺顯：人的動機和結(jié)果有時可能不一致。即有些人是抱著好心去幫助別人，但結(jié)果卻適得其反。比如教育問題，父母教育孩子可以出于好心，但父母對孩子的教育往往只顧及到個人的需要和想法，沒有顧及到孩子的需要和感受。有位詩人曾對這種情況有一句精彩的描述：世界上最大的傷害往往是以愛的名義。所以人做事，不能光靠愛心，考一腔熱情，還要顧慮對方的需要和感受，要多從別人的角度考慮。
立意原則：遵照事物發(fā)展規(guī)律,否則只能是事與愿違,南轅北轍.如緣木求魚殺雞取卵，相對于時代材料是賑災的科技,而不能蠻干硬干。
【滿分佳作】
變味的善良
我們總站在富足的地方憫惜貧窮，總躺在安全的地方怒斥邪惡，總在五十步笑百步后呼喚遠離冷漠，總在血痕淡去后才忙著計算生命的價值。
于是，我們俯身憐憫的姿態(tài)傷害了別人的自尊。
每次災難過后，都有太多的人爭先領養(yǎng)孤兒；當這片熱潮過去，又有太多的孤兒陷入苦難。據(jù)心理學家分析，領養(yǎng)孤兒要考慮自己的經(jīng)濟狀況，家庭氛圍要與孩子原先的家庭相似，教育方式、家長性格都要與孤兒相適宜。但是，太多的人僅憑自己一腔熱血，用熱心換回的卻是家庭的分裂。孩子們再次面臨家園破碎的痛苦，傷害再次打擊無辜孩子柔弱的心靈，善良由甜蜜變?yōu)榭酀?
于是，我們用沸騰的熱血燙傷了他人的肉體。2008年奧運會是我們中國人的奧運，舉國歡慶，氣氛火熱，圣火傳遞，同一世界，一夢想。但是，不和諧的色彩也玷污了奧運火紅的火炬和綠色的橄欖枝。據(jù)報道，8歲孩童用55天時間完成抵京“馬拉松式”的賽跑；10歲孩子捆綁雙臂在激流中前行；8歲女孩在父親陪同下步行3000多千米到達首都北京……這些行為引起中國甚至世界媒體的關注，其中不乏外國媒體以此對中國奧運的詆毀。不實評論須全力抵制，但也不可否認，這是“畸形奧運熱”。我們要舉辦一個理性的奧運，就需要以理性的行為作為支撐。我們的熱情不該由火熱的激情變得瘋狂。
甚至，我們在用熱血燙傷他人肉體時，也燙傷他人的心靈。2008年5月12日汶川大地震發(fā)生后，我們以最迅速、最團結(jié)的行動援救了太多的生命，我們贏得了世界的尊重。無數(shù)的閃光燈聚焦四川，閃爍著無數(shù)動人感人的故事，但也刺傷了災區(qū)人們的瞳眸。被成功救援的孩子本是幸運的，但有記者為了采訪，一遍遍喚起他們沉痛的回憶，孩子失聲痛哭，大人們也泣不成聲；有些熱心的志愿者毫無救災意識卻前往災區(qū)，雖懷有一顆熾熱之心實際卻是給災區(qū)添亂。不正確的救援動作，不完善的服務行為，不合理的安慰幫助，帶給災區(qū)人民的是“二次傷害”。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，善良由本意的撫慰變成了利劍。
中華民族是堅毅、熱情、善良的民族。當我們挺過洪水、挺過“非典”，挺過不法分子對祖國的分裂和對奧運的褻瀆，我們也必將挺過慘烈的汶川大地震，成功地舉辦一屆奧運盛會。但我們需要更多的思索和行動，需要站在別人的角度理性而全面地看問題。ト謾鞍人之心”深入我們的血液，讓我們永葆善良的甜蜜，為善良保鮮，使它不褪色，不變質(zhì)，不變味。
【名師點評】
這是一篇很有見地的思想評論，充分體現(xiàn)出作者對社會生活的關注與可貴的理性思維。從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，全文呈“總―分―總”式，主體部分的層次劃分雖未必嚴密（更好的處理可能是把第一層放到最后），但它緊扣了三大熱點――僅憑一腔熱血領養(yǎng)孤兒、“畸形奧運熱”以及汶川地震后某些“燙傷他人肉體”甚至“燙傷他人的心靈”的“善舉”。這些事件多為人們所關心、所熟悉的最“熱”的時事，讀者很容易將作者的論述與自己的認識進行對比、印證和分析，從而獲得有益的啟迪。這樣一來，文章的針對性和現(xiàn)實意義就特別強。ノ鬧械鈉飾隼渚�、沉稳恫环︿h芒（比如“雖懷有一顆熾熱之心實際卻是給災區(qū)添亂”），遣詞造句洗練、樸實而富于辯證色彩（比如“不實評論須全力抵制，但也不可否認，這是‘畸形奧運熱’”），讀來既有很強的說服力，又能激起讀者的共鳴。
把握事物的外部聯(lián)系和表面特征，是認識的開始，但是，認識不能僅僅停留在表面現(xiàn)象上。要想把認識導向深入，還需要進一步探求事物的內(nèi)在特征、本質(zhì)屬性，由感性認識上升到理性認識。為此，動筆寫作前需仔細審度，深入探究，不可貿(mào)然作出判斷。（唐惠忠）
第三套
北京卷
材料作文。學生根據(jù)材料自選角度，自擬題目寫一篇不少于800字的文章，除詩歌外體裁不限。
在課堂上，老師拿了一個玻璃杯，里面放了一個大石頭，差不多和杯子一樣大，老師問大家：杯子滿了嗎？
一個學生回答：沒滿，還可以放沙子。
待學生放完沙子，老師又問：滿了嗎？
全班同學回答滿了，有一個男孩卻回答沒有滿，還可以放水。
老師笑了，接著把沙子和石頭倒出來，杯子是空的。
這回老師是往杯子里放沙子和水，然后問大家，杯子滿了嗎？如果要放石頭進去，該怎么放？
男孩就把杯子里的沙子和水倒出來，先把石頭放進去
【考題評析】近幾年，全國各地的高考作文命題比較熱衷于材料作文。材料作文相比命題作文更加具有靈活性、新鮮性和開放性，這樣一來，更能發(fā)動考生的主動性，不至于沒有話寫，也不至于瞎編亂造，寫一些陳腐刻板的東西。
鑒于材料作文的這些特點，那么重點就在于如何挖掘題目所提供材料的內(nèi)涵，然后挑選你最有把握的一點進行作文。
具體對此道材料作文而言，首先是審讀材料。這則師生簡短對話材料看是簡單，其實是極富生活哲理。初看材料，若是不細心的考生會極易取“答案是豐富多彩的”之意，但這個顯然有點偏題，顯然不可取。
此題大致可以從這幾點立意：1.學無止境；2.變與不變；3.過程與結(jié)果、方法與結(jié)果；4.思維的魅力、思維靈活性；5.相對空間與絕對空間等等，自己選取一個好的切合題目的立意，可以寫一篇思辨議論文也可以寫成優(yōu)美的散文。
這個題目審題一定要新、深、準，立意好之后，在裝入一些新鮮的材料，這樣文章得高分自然也不難了。
【滿分佳作】
超 越 極 限
孟子云：“天將降大任于是人也，必先苦其心志，勞其筋骨，餓其體膚，空乏其身，行拂亂其所為，所以動心忍性，曾益其所不能。”可見，要想成就一番大事業(yè)，就必須敢于超越極限。
海倫•凱勒被馬克•吐溫譽為19世紀最偉大的兩個人之一。她兒時因患一場大病喪失了視覺和聽覺，但她并沒有向命運低頭，挑戰(zhàn)了生命的極限，學會了英語(Q吧)、德語、希臘語、拉丁語等多種語言，最終以優(yōu)異的成績考入哈佛大學。她用親身的經(jīng)歷告訴我們要敢于超越人生的艱難險阻，披荊斬棘地闖出一條自己的路來。
“寶劍鋒從磨礪出，梅花香自苦寒來�！庇瞧D難的絕境，愈能促進人發(fā)揮潛力，超越看似不可征服的極限。紅軍的長征，在當今世界被譽為奇跡，在漫漫的二萬五千里路途中，紅軍戰(zhàn)士忍受著“烽火連三月，家書抵萬金”的孤獨，挑戰(zhàn)了忠孝的極限；爬雪山，過草地，饑寒交加，為了災難深重的民族的解放，紅軍戰(zhàn)士們挑戰(zhàn)了生理的極限。正是有了許許多多像紅軍長征精神一樣的超越，我們才有了不斷的攀登與進步。
剛剛過去的汶川大地震又給了我們許多對于人生極限的思考。溫總理說的最讓人難忘的一句話：“只要有一線希望，我們就決不放棄�！蔽渚俦鴤儾活欁约旱陌参＃陔S時可能到來的余震中奮力救人，表現(xiàn)出對使命和人民的無限忠誠；醫(yī)務工作者不分晝夜搶救災民，給“救死扶傷”一個最大限度的詮釋；我們平�？傉f母愛是偉大的，地震中那個用自己的身體保護孩子的母親用行動再次詮釋了什么是母愛的大境界，突破了愛的極限；在超過72小時生命存活極限之后，仍有許多的災民被救活，這不僅是生命的奇跡，更是對生死極限的頑強跨越。試想，人類連生死極限都能跨越，還有什么我們不能超越的“極限”呢？
吉尼斯紀錄，就可以說是對極限的考驗。但隨著時間的推移，紀錄被不斷打破更新，可見極限不過是個具有時效性的字眼。就像那個實驗中，桶中看似已裝滿了石塊，但卻又可以倒“滿”沙子，甚至倒“滿”水。很贊同那個學生的觀點，“很多事情看起來達到了極限，實際上還存在很大空間”。
也許現(xiàn)在我們還沒有“捐軀赴國難，視死忽如歸”的氣概，沒有“人生自古誰無死，留取丹心照汗青”的胸懷，沒有“舉世皆濁我獨清，眾人皆醉我獨醒”的睿智，但只要我們心中有理想、有勇氣、有毅力，定能超越自己的極限，創(chuàng)造一切的可能！
【名師點評】
這是一篇議論文，作者以題目中的材料為依據(jù)，又不拘于題目材料，提煉出了“超越極限”的中心論題，體現(xiàn)了新材料作文的特點。
本文最大的亮點是緊緊圍繞中心論題，選用了一組很有說服力的論據(jù)來論證自己的觀點，這些論據(jù)有名人名言，有名人事跡，還有紅軍與“5•12”大地震災民的群體事跡，以及吉尼斯紀錄被不斷更新的事實等，材料顯得豐富充實。
全文說古論今，從孟子的“生于憂患”中提出了敢于超越的前提條件，從海倫的事跡中，從紅軍長征的事跡中，從四川汶川大地震中人們表現(xiàn)出來的勇敢、堅強中說明了超越的可能性。
為了能體現(xiàn)文章與題目的緊密關系，作者在倒數(shù)第二段中再現(xiàn)了題目材料內(nèi)容，并引用材料中一個學生的話說明了“很多事情看起來達到了極限，實際上還存在很大空間”，從而讓作文與題目材料的關系緊密。雖然新材料作文不要求一定引用材料內(nèi)容，但恰當?shù)匾檬敲髦堑摹＃ɡ铄a琴）
第四套
天津卷
《人之常情》
字數(shù)800字，除詩歌和戲劇外，文體不限。
【考題評析】
這個作文題目看似平庸，其實非常細膩，而且也大有寫頭。這個作文題目沿襲了2007年高考作文對人生，對生活、對社會的關注。也是屬于關系型作文，“人之常情”就是對人與人之間交情的肯定性看法。肯定要涉及到人與人之間的關系。因為作文題目外延寬泛，所以一定要選一個小的角度才能寫得生動，寫出文采。
【滿分佳作】
人 之 常 情
――“好好活著”
危難之際，共和國總理站在廢墟上安慰悲痛欲絕的百姓要“好好活著”，把人之常情傳遞到了極致； 災禍臨頭，軍隊子弟兵臨陣受命，用挑戰(zhàn)極限的付出與承受，鼓舞著“活著就有希望”的決心，把人之常情升華到了信念； 苦痛肆虐，不甘命運擺布的堅強國人勇敢無畏，珍惜“還能活下來”的生命，以堅韌不拔的人之常情感動了世界。
因為能夠“活了下來”，在強悍的自然面前，人們以超然的姿態(tài)表現(xiàn)出悲傷而不憤怒，痛苦而不壓抑，無奈而不絕望的冷靜，讓一個最普通的人之常情――“活著真好”，閃耀出人性的純真與堅強。從生存的特殊時期悟出“活著”的生命意義，得以重拾起生活的初衷，痛悔往日的紅塵喧囂給我們的污染，仿佛一個晝夜就讓我們站到了成人行列。
曾經(jīng)計較過那么多的不情愿，讓自己生活在患得患失的怨恨中，因為出身卑微，花十二分的努力才達到他人三分工夫所達到的境地；因為長相平平，盡管心地善良卻總得不到異性的青睞……如果不是這場災難的降臨，我可能會終生徘徊在這人生陰影中，因為我不懂“活著真好”這份人之常情的真正含義。
人之常情最能創(chuàng)造奇跡的原來是“活著真好”！
“活著”的信仰已不是滿足肉體的衣食所需、物欲享受，而是戰(zhàn)勝悲哀，走出落寂的挑戰(zhàn)。
生活路途不會一帆風順，荊棘與風雨摧殘著我們的軀體和意志，金錢和利益侵吞著我們的靈魂和情感，背負著太多的期待，已經(jīng)舉步維艱，未老先衰了。“感謝”蒼天給了我一個認識自己的機會，洗刷了內(nèi)心的污垢和情感的雜銹，明白了真善美的源頭出處。
“活著真好！”給了人生一次重新再來的豪情。“艱難困苦，玉汝于成”，功名利祿不過是南柯一夢，榮華富貴亦是鏡花水月，曾經(jīng)斤斤計較的東西竟然是那般虛幻而淺薄。抹去羞愧的淚水，睜大不再迷茫的雙眸，給自己加油：“活出一個新的自我！”
懂得了自尊，學會了堅強，擁有了信念，活出能震撼世態(tài)常情的人生。
“好好”地活著，你相信我嗎？
【名師點評】
本文在選材上很值得借鑒。汶川地震災難之后寫情感，多數(shù)會引人重新陷入還未擺脫哀傷的圈中，反而會使選材過于集中，而忽視文中其他亮色。但此文作者非常機智，既以“5•12”地震為題材，又選取其他題材，將二者緊密結(jié)合在一起，使文章既具時代特色又不至于過分集中到某個題材上，造成考(Q吧)場上選材的撞車。
文章以排比段開頭，以“5•12”地震為題材，將人之常情與“活著真好”連接起來，引出話題，又扣住了題目，給文章寫作定了位，將抽象的題目具體化。主體部分，采用層層深入的方式揭示“活著真好”的內(nèi)涵：先寫非常時期悟出“活著”的生命意義，再寫平常時期自己不能懂得“活著真好”這份人之常情的真正涵義，形成對比，揭示“活著真好”的涵義；在此基礎上，作者進一步指出“活著”的信仰已不是滿足肉體的衣食所需、物欲享受，而是戰(zhàn)勝悲哀，走出落寂的挑戰(zhàn)，上升到哲理、人生探求，使文章主題深刻、高遠。結(jié)尾問中有答的余味又為文章增添了一筆精彩，把成熟之后的思考表現(xiàn)為將付諸行動的誓言，尤其是“好好地”寓意深刻。（李廣元）
第五套
上海卷
平常大家關注更多的也許是“我們”，如果把視線轉(zhuǎn)向“他們”，你會看到什么，又會想到什么？請以《他們》為題寫一篇文章。不少于800字，不寫成詩歌，不得透露個人相關信息。
【考題評析】
錦州市08-09學年普通高中高二上學期期末考試
地理試題（必修?第三模塊）
注意事項：
1． 本試卷備有答題卡，請在答題卡上作答，否則無效。
2． 本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（綜合題）兩部分，滿分100分，考試時間90分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題 共60分）
本試卷共30小題，每小題2分，共計60分。在每小題列出的四個選項中，只有一
項是符合題目要求的，不選、多選、錯選均不得分。
中國石油天然氣集團公司2007年5月3日宣布，在渤海灣灘海地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)儲量規(guī)模達10億噸的大油田――冀東南堡油田。讀我國石油生產(chǎn)量和消費量變化圖，石油對外依存度是指在石油總消費量中進口石油所占的比例�；卮�1～3題。
1． 一般認為，當一國資源的對外依存度達到20?～30?時，就面臨較高的風險。我國2003年石油資源對外依存度達
A．36．4? B.30? C.60? D.20?
2．關于我國石油生產(chǎn)和消費特點的正確敘述是
A．1995年石油進口量為零 B.未來我國能源生產(chǎn)的重點在東部
B．石油消費量增長較慢 D.石油生產(chǎn)增長緩慢
3．此次冀東南堡油田的發(fā)現(xiàn)對我國的影響有
A．增強我國能源安全供應的保障能力 B.徹底改變能源結(jié)構(gòu)
C．結(jié)束我國石油進口的歷史 D.促進我國的石油消費
我國農(nóng)牧用地過渡地帶分布圖，完成下題。
4．圖中原過渡地帶與可能變動帶的關系可以說明
A．農(nóng)業(yè)用地向畜牧用地轉(zhuǎn)變 B．原畜牧用地向林業(yè)用地轉(zhuǎn)變
C．原畜牧用地向農(nóng)業(yè)用地轉(zhuǎn)變 D．原林業(yè)用地向農(nóng)業(yè)用地轉(zhuǎn)變
讀右圖，回答5～7題。
5．這些沙漠化土地主要分布在我國的
A．華南、華東和華北地區(qū) B.西北、西南和東北地區(qū)
C．西北、東北和華北地區(qū) D.東北、華北和西南地區(qū)
6．這些新出現(xiàn)的沙漠化土地形成的主要成因是
A．人類對土地不合理的開發(fā)利用，使植被受到破壞所致
B．人類發(fā)展工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)所致
C．降水減少，蒸發(fā)加劇的結(jié)果
D．氣候干旱，沙丘不斷向農(nóng)牧業(yè)地區(qū)推進的結(jié)果
7．在這些沙漠化地區(qū)，人們解決生活燃料問題最為可取的方式
A．結(jié)合積蓄肥料，大力發(fā)展沼氣
B．結(jié)合植樹造林，大力發(fā)展薪炭林
C．因地制宜，充分開發(fā)利用風能、太陽能等新能源
D．結(jié)合農(nóng)田水利建設，開發(fā)利用小水電
8．雨林做為環(huán)境資源在干旱地區(qū)的主要作用是
A．凈化空氣、吸煙滯塵 B.涵養(yǎng)水源、保持水土
B．防風固沙、保護農(nóng)田 D.美化環(huán)境、減弱噪聲
9．雨林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的脆弱性，主要表現(xiàn)在
A．生物殘體分解得快 B.植物生長速度慢
C．養(yǎng)分幾乎全部儲存在地上的植物體內(nèi) D.群落以高大密集的喬木為主
10．關于亞馬孫熱帶雨林的開發(fā)與保護,敘述正確的是
A．發(fā)達國家已認識到熱帶雨林保護的意義，因此對熱帶雨林的破壞不應再負任何責任
B．亞馬孫雨林的開發(fā)與保護是矛盾的，不可調(diào)和
C．亞馬孫雨林的開發(fā)與保護只對這一地區(qū)的國家有利
D．保護亞馬孫雨林，不僅是當?shù)貒液腿嗣竦牧x務，而且是整個國際社會都應對此負責，尤其是發(fā)達國家應承擔更多的責任
讀某山地中部降水量隨高度變化圖（右圖），回答11～13題。
11．該地最可能屬于
A．臺灣山脈 B.秦嶺山脈
C. 南嶺山脈 D.天山山脈
12．圖中①②兩地所處的坡向及迎風坡水汽的來源是
A．①北坡，②南坡，水汽來自太平洋
B．①北坡，②南坡，水汽來自大西洋、北冰洋
C．①南坡，②北坡，水汽來自太平洋
D．①南坡，②北坡，水汽來自大西洋、北冰洋
13．降水量為300mm的地點在北坡對應的海拔是
降水量為450mm的地點在南坡對應的海拔是 。
A．3750m、1000m B.1000m、3750m
C．2000m、3000m D.3000m、2000m
讀珠江三角洲產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化示意圖�；卮鹣骂}。
14．下列有關該區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化的說法正確的是
A．由低級形態(tài)向高級形態(tài)發(fā)展變化
B．資源密集型→技術密集型→資金密集型
C．對環(huán)境的影響經(jīng)歷了重度污染→中度污染→輕度污染的過程
D．這種變化是發(fā)達國家向外轉(zhuǎn)移產(chǎn)業(yè)的結(jié)果
工業(yè)化與城市化是推動區(qū)域經(jīng)濟、社會發(fā)展的主要動力。下圖是我國四個地區(qū)區(qū)域城市
化的典型模式，讀圖回答15～16題。
15．圖中①②③④代表的地區(qū)依次是
A．蘇南地區(qū)、珠江三角洲地區(qū)、浙江溫州地區(qū)、東北地區(qū)
B．浙江溫州地區(qū)、蘇南地區(qū)、東北地區(qū)、珠江三角洲地區(qū)
C．珠江三角洲地區(qū)、浙江溫州地區(qū)、蘇南地區(qū)、東北地區(qū)
D．東北地區(qū)、珠江三角洲地區(qū)、浙江溫州地區(qū)、蘇南地區(qū)
16、珠江三角洲地區(qū)工業(yè)化與城市化過程中出現(xiàn)的問題不包括
A．產(chǎn)業(yè)升級面臨困難
B.城市建設相對落后
C．生態(tài)環(huán)境問題日趨嚴重 D.產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移日漸加強
17．珠江三角洲與長江三角洲、京津唐地區(qū)相比，其區(qū)位條件的不足之處是
①產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎相對薄弱
②市場腹地相對狹小
③科技實力和人才隊伍相對薄弱
④改革開放重心北移
A．①②③ B.③④ C.①④ D.②③④
18．關于珠江三角洲地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的敘述，正確的是
A．輕工業(yè)和微電子工業(yè)不發(fā)達，嚴重制約著珠江三角洲地區(qū)的進一步發(fā)展
B．該地區(qū)正在以廣州為基地，發(fā)展鋼鐵、汽車、造船等原材料工業(yè)和裝備制造業(yè)，以此推動地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)升級
C．珠江三角洲地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)升級主要以發(fā)展高新技術產(chǎn)業(yè)為主
D．不久，中山市將成為珠江三角洲地區(qū)的石化、鋼鐵和造船基地
讀下圖，回答19～23題。
19．甲、乙兩圖所示區(qū)域農(nóng)業(yè)耕作制度及作物品種不同的主要原因是
A．土壤不同 B.熱量不同 C.降水不同 D.地形不同
20．甲圖中P平原區(qū)域開發(fā)的一個重要方向就是要充分發(fā)揮
A．氣候資源優(yōu)勢 B.動物資源 C.勞動力資源優(yōu)勢 D.土地資源優(yōu)勢
21．針對甲圖所示區(qū)域的特點，該地區(qū)將成為全國性的
①商品糧基地 ②商品棉基地 ③林業(yè)基地 ④牧業(yè)基地
A．①② B.②③ C.①③ D.②④
22．下列能夠正確體現(xiàn)乙圖所示區(qū)域的特征的項目是
①有廣泛分布的黑土 ②雨熱同期，大陸性氣候稍強 ③水稻土
④水田 ⑤水稻種植業(yè) ⑥綜合性工業(yè)基地
⑦重工業(yè)基地 ⑧旱地耕作業(yè)
A．①②③④ B.③④⑤⑥ C.⑤⑥⑦⑧ D.②⑦⑧
23．甲圖所示區(qū)域比乙圖所示區(qū)域的糧食產(chǎn)量低，但糧食商品率高的主要原因是
A．水分條件好 B.熱量條件好 C.人均耕地面積大D.交通發(fā)達
下圖表示20世紀下半葉東亞勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移主要對象國（或地區(qū)）的變化。讀圖，
完成24～25題。
24．圖中①所示國家或地區(qū)是
A．日本 B.韓國 C.中國香港地區(qū) D.中國臺灣地區(qū)
25．圖中所示產(chǎn)業(yè)可能是
A．紡織、服裝、電子裝配 B.機械、化工、電力
C．食品、電子、宇航 D.煤炭、鋼鐵、汽車
讀“我國能源調(diào)運”圖，回答26～28題。
26．圖中①、②、③三條運輸路線輸送的主要能源分別為
A．煤炭、天然氣、水電 B．石油、天然氣、煤炭
C．天然氣、石油、水電 D．煤炭、石油、天然氣
27．②線路的走向所考慮的主要經(jīng)濟因素是
A．地形類型 B.人口分布 C.城市分布 D.交通線路
28．有關西電東送產(chǎn)生的影響，說法不正確的是
A．有利于輸出地和輸入地大氣環(huán)境質(zhì)量的改善
B．有利于促進輸出地和輸入地經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展
C．有利于緩解軼路運輸?shù)膲毫?/p>
D．有利于我國能源結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整
東北地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)條件地域差異顯著，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的地域性突出，因地制宜組織生產(chǎn)，就形成了各具特點的農(nóng)業(yè)布局。完成下列29～30題
29．下列關于東北耕作區(qū)糧食作物的分布敘述中，正確的是
A．耕作區(qū)糧食作物中，小麥分布最普遍
B．小麥種植比例由南到北逐漸減少
C．玉米由南到北種植比例逐漸增多
D．水稻多分布在遼河、松花江流域的大型灌區(qū)以及東部山區(qū)的河谷盆地
30．關于林區(qū)和特產(chǎn)區(qū)以及畜牧業(yè)區(qū)的敘述，正確的是
A．大小安嶺是我國第二大林區(qū)，主要樹種有興安落葉松
B．小興安嶺是我國主要的鹿茸、人參等珍貴藥材產(chǎn)區(qū)
C．長白山是我國最大的柞蠶繭產(chǎn)區(qū)
D．西部畜牧區(qū)的三河馬和三河牛是聞名全國的優(yōu)良品種
第Ⅱ卷（綜合題
共40分）
31．（7分）根據(jù)材料和圖，完成下列問題。
材料一：塔里木河位于新疆南部，是中國最大的內(nèi)陸河，是重要的棉花、石油化工基地，也是新疆特色果品的生產(chǎn)基地。
材料二：“濁卷風沙埋河道，欲哭無淚哀胡楊”，是塔里木河下游斷流干涸的真實寫照。塔里木盆地邊緣古絲綢之路南道及連接的古城，幾乎全部被深埋在沙漠腹地。
材料三：國務院批復《塔里木河流域近期綜合治理規(guī)劃報告》中一些具體做法：上游：實施節(jié)水改造，并在源流上建若干個山區(qū)水庫。中游：修建近800千米的堤防，以減少每年因決口而浪費的10多億立方米的河水。下游：跨流域調(diào)水，主要是由博斯騰湖向塔里木河下游的綠色走廊輸水。2002年，塔里木河實施了全流域水資源的統(tǒng)一調(diào)度和管理，2003年塔里木河干流開始征收水費。
（1） 如材料1所述，塔里木河流域是重要的綠洲農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)。在引水灌溉中，應注意
避免 的灌溉方式，而采用 等灌溉方式，發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)，避免農(nóng)業(yè)耕作區(qū)的土地發(fā)生 。（3分）
（2）材料2中提到“古絲綢之路南道及連接的古城，幾乎全部被深埋在沙漠腹地”，這
反映了綠洲因 而后退。（2分）
（3）材料3中對塔里木河流域進行綜合開發(fā)的措施，體現(xiàn)了在干旱的內(nèi)陸河流域，應該 ，既要考慮上游地區(qū)的開發(fā)，也在考慮中下游地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護。（2分）
32．（15分）下面是某研究性學習小組從因特網(wǎng)上搜集到的兩則信息，分析回答下列問題。
材料（一）東北曾是世界著名的商品大豆產(chǎn)區(qū)，是我國主要食用油的來源。加入WTO后，2001年江蘇某榨油廠卻進口美國大豆1396萬噸，約相當于我國一年的大豆產(chǎn)量，同年東北卻有七成積壓在農(nóng)村。
材料（二）東北和美國進口大豆的產(chǎn)銷成本調(diào)查（X為美國每噸大豆的加工成本）。
東北大豆
美國大豆
生產(chǎn)成本（元/千克）
1．6
0．8
運輸（元/千克）
0．045
0．04
出油率（?）
17
20
加工成本（元/噸）
10+X
X
（1）東北曾是世界著名的商品大豆產(chǎn)區(qū)的主要自然條件是什么？（3分）
（2）2001年江蘇某榨油廠“舍近求遠”從美國進口大豆的主要原因是什么？（3分）
（3）請你分析造成東北大豆生產(chǎn)成本高的主要原因。（2分）
（4）該學習小組要將研究成果“東北大豆的出路”呈報給政府供決策參考。如果你是小組成員，你會提出哪些建議？（4分）
（5）東北不僅是大豆產(chǎn)區(qū)，也是我國著名的商品糧基地。分析東北作為商品糧基地與我國其它商品糧基地相比突出的特點。（3分）
33．（12分）流域的開發(fā)對區(qū)域發(fā)展有重要意義。美國田納河的開發(fā)與治理就是一個成功的范例。閱讀下面材料，回答下列問題。
材料一：田納西河流域示意圖
材料二：田納西河域管理局（TVA）制定的田納西河流域治理協(xié)調(diào)系統(tǒng)。
（1） 田納西河流域開發(fā)的區(qū)位優(yōu)勢是什么？（4分）
（2） 列舉田納西河流域開發(fā)的綜合效益。（3分）
（3） 田納西河水庫每年 月 日開始放水。理由是什么？（3分）
（4） 田納西河水主要靠大氣降水補給。根據(jù)流域的氣候特征，田納西河水量季節(jié)變化有
什么特點？（2分）
34．（6分）讀圖1和圖2，回答（1）～（3）題。
（1） 根據(jù)圖1所示規(guī)律，發(fā)達國家重點發(fā)展的是哪一階段的產(chǎn)業(yè)？（2分）
A．a(chǎn) B.c C.d D.b
（2） 按圖2所示，發(fā)達國家向發(fā)展中國家轉(zhuǎn)移的是產(chǎn)品的哪一環(huán)節(jié)？（2分）
A．設計 B.加工 C.營銷 D.設計+加工
（3） 按照圖1和圖2所示規(guī)律，發(fā)展中國家將永遠落后于發(fā)達國家。為了改變這種狀況，發(fā)展中國家在接受發(fā)達國家產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移和發(fā)展自身工業(yè)方面的做法，正確的是（2分）
A．全面吸收發(fā)達國家的產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移
B．著重發(fā)展勞動密集型和資金密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)
C．積極引進處于成熟期的產(chǎn)業(yè)
D．在外國企業(yè)的幫助下學習工藝和產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新技能，逐步升級制造能力，促使產(chǎn)業(yè)快
速成長。
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