Question

【題目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The meaning of silence varies among cultural group. Silence may be 【1】, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every 【2】 with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of 【3】 among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these culture is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be 【4】 is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for 【5】.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with 【6】 among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show 【7】 between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the 【8】 meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not 【9】 too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing 【10】of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 E

【2】 I

【3】 A

【4】 C

【5】 B

【6】 K

【7】 G

【8】 J

【9】 D

【10】 F

【解析】

這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了沉默的含義因文化群體而異。

【1】句意：沉默可能是深思熟慮的，也可能是一個(gè)人無(wú)話可說(shuō)時(shí)的空虛。故選E。

【2】句意：因此，可以嘗試用對(duì)話來(lái)填補(bǔ)每一個(gè)空白。故選I。

【3】句意：許多印第安人珍視沉默，認(rèn)為它是人與人之間交流的基本組成部分，就像一些傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)人和泰國(guó)人所做的那樣。故選A。

【4】句意：因此，當(dāng)來(lái)自這些文化中的一個(gè)人在說(shuō)話時(shí)突然停了下來(lái)，可能暗示的是這個(gè)人想讓聽(tīng)者在繼續(xù)之前考慮已經(jīng)說(shuō)了什么。故選C。

【5】句意：在這些文化中，沉默是一種反思。故選B。

【6】句意：其他文化可能會(huì)以其他方式使用沉默，尤其是在處理人與人之間的沖突或與擁有不同權(quán)力的人之間的關(guān)系時(shí)。故選K。

【7】句意：例如，俄羅斯人、法國(guó)人和西班牙人可能會(huì)用沉默來(lái)表示雙方對(duì)正在討論的話題的一致意見(jiàn)。故選G。

【8】句意：護(hù)士和其他護(hù)理人員需要意識(shí)到，當(dāng)他們遇到病人可能正在經(jīng)歷的個(gè)人焦慮時(shí)，沉默可能意味著什么。故選J。

【9】句意：護(hù)士應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到自己對(duì)沉默的個(gè)人和文化建構(gòu)，這樣病人的沉默才不會(huì)過(guò)早地打斷或不必要地繼續(xù)下去。故選D。

【10】句意：一個(gè)懂得沉默的治療價(jià)值的護(hù)士可以用這種理解來(lái)幫助護(hù)理來(lái)自他們自己和其他文化的病人。故選F。