4.A cart and horse________ in the distance.
A.were B.see C.are seen D.was seen
3.-Were all three people in the car accident injured in the accident?
-No,________ only the two passengers who got hurt.
A.it was B.there is C.it were D.there were
2.The glass works________in 1980.
A.built B.was built C.were built D.has been built
1.Plastics________ many other materials.
A.has taken place of B.has taken the place of
C.have taken place of D.have taken the place of
2.高考中主謂一致的考查一般不會單獨(dú)考查,常與時態(tài)、語態(tài)及句式(如倒裝句)等相結(jié)合考查,此時如不能準(zhǔn)確判斷,不妨結(jié)合其他要點(diǎn)共同確定正確答案。
●殲滅難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練
1.主謂一致有個三原則:語法一致,意義一致和就近原則,無論哪一種,重要的是分清一個句子中,哪是主語,主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),分清題目屬于哪種一致的情況,然后確定謂語形式。這里我們簡單總結(jié)一下主謂一致中常見的原則:
(1)and連接兩個名詞,但表同一事物,謂語用單數(shù)。
eg.The writer and singer is my best friend.
(2)each、 either、 one、 the other及不定代詞等作主語時,謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)。
eg.Everybody is here.
(3)由連詞or、either…or、neither…nor、not only…but also等連接并列主語時及there be句式,There be句式中謂語動詞應(yīng)用就近原則。
her you nor I am to blame.
(4)國名、人名、報紙名、書名等專有名詞雖以-s結(jié)尾,形式上是復(fù)數(shù),但謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。
eg.The United States is a developed country.但以-s結(jié)尾的山脈、島、瀑布等作主語時,謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。
eg.The philippines lie to the southeast of China.
(5)由each修飾的名詞作主語,謂語用單數(shù)。
eg.Each student has an English-Chinese dictionary.
They each have an English-Chinese dictionary.
(6)表示時間、距離、錢、重量的名詞作主語,若表示整體謂語用單數(shù),但如強(qiáng)調(diào)具體數(shù)量,謂語則用復(fù)數(shù)。
eg.Five hundred miles is a long distance.
Twenty years have passed since he began to work here.
(7)表示數(shù)量的one and a half后面要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時,其謂語要用單數(shù)形式。
(8)定冠詞the+形容詞/分詞表示一類人,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
(9)表示成雙成套的名詞,如trousers,shoes,glasses, compasses等用作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
eg.His black trousers are too long.
4.She is the only one among the________writers who________ stories for children.
A.woman;writes B.women;write
C.women;writes D.woman;write
命題意圖:考查復(fù)合名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)及從句中的主謂一致。本題屬于五星級題。
知識依托:woman writer的復(fù)數(shù)為women writers,而定語從句中的謂語單復(fù)數(shù)是由先行詞決定的,先行詞為the only one。故答案為C。
錯解分析:本題易誤選B,誤認(rèn)為先行詞為writers,而實際上由于one被the only修飾,故先行詞是the only one,謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)。
解題方法與技巧:本題中我們可以了解,當(dāng)考查定語從句中的謂語動詞形式時,需首先分清楚所修飾的先行詞是誰,單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)概念,從而決定從句中謂語的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。
eg.Mary is one of the students who were late for school.
Mary is the only one of the students who was late for school.
答案:C
●錦囊妙計
3.(★★★★★)Nobody but you________ what he said. (全國重點(diǎn)中學(xué)大聯(lián)考沖刺題)
A.agrees with B.agrees out C.agree with D.agree to
命題意圖:考查詞組“同意……”和主語為nobody類的不定代詞時,謂語單復(fù)數(shù)的確定,該題屬五星級題。
知識依托:主語為nobody時謂語動詞用單數(shù),如果主語被but,as well as,with等短語修飾,謂語仍與主語的數(shù)保持一致。
錯題分析:該題易誤選C、D,選D的原因在于詞組記憶不清,用介詞to時之后應(yīng)加具體項目。而選擇C就在于誤把you做為主語對待了。而實際上nobody才是主語。
答案:A
2.Not only I but also Mary and Jane ________ tired of having one examination after another. (NMET1989)
A.is B.are C.am D.be
命題意圖:考查主謂一致中的就近原則。本題屬四星級題。
知識依托:由not only…but also連接并列主語時,謂語與最靠近的主語保持一致。
錯解分析:本題易誤選C,易誤認(rèn)為I 為主語,而實際上決定謂語單復(fù)數(shù)的是由Jane and Mary決定,應(yīng)用就近原則,故排除C,同理排除A。
解題方法與技巧:熟記要點(diǎn):
在英語中,主謂一致有三個原則:語法一致的原則,語意一致的原則和就近原則。此題是就近原則,所以答案為B。
答案:B
1.More than________ of the workers________ from Paris.
A.ten percents;is B.ten percent;are
C.three times;was D.percents ten;comes
命題意圖:考查分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法及此時的主謂一致,本題屬四星級題。
知識依托:分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞作主語時,謂語與of后的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。
錯解分析:解該題時易誤選A,誤把百分之十作為整體處理,而沒有考慮到是百分之十多的工人。此時所指為復(fù)數(shù)概念。
解題方法與技巧:與此情況類似的是表示部分和一定數(shù)量的名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞也應(yīng)與介詞of后的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。這些詞有:
e.g.(1)Most of the money has been wasted.
(2)Every year,lots of damage is caused by fire.
例如:
(1)Quantities of food are wasted every day.
(2)Amounts of money were spent on this project.
(這兩個詞的用法是主謂一致中的難點(diǎn),同時也是?键c(diǎn))
答案:B
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