5. Having no money but ____ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.
A. not to want anyone B. wanted no one C. not wanting anyone D. to want no one
4. --Let me tell you something about my Chinese teacher.
-- I remember _____ about her yesterday.
A. telling B. being told C. to tell D. having told
3. Do you know the difficulty he had ______ five children at school?
A. to keep B. to have kept C. keeping D. having kept
2. The long and tiring talk, filled with arguments and quarrels, ended in disorder, _____ no agreement at all.
A. arriving B. arrived at C. reaching D. and getting to
1. At the shopping center, he didn’t know what ____ and ____ with an empty bag.
A. to buy ; leave B. to be bought ; left C. to buy ; left D. was to buy ; leave
4、定語(yǔ):動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ),放于被修飾的名詞前,表示該的名詞的功能,并不表示動(dòng)作。
e.g. a sleeping bag = a bag for sleeping / an operating table = a table for operating
區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),表示被修飾的名詞的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。
e.g. a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping / the running car = the car that is running
另:1) 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(one’s doing):表示動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,在句中可作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以用賓格代替所有格。
e.g. We like Tom’s (Tom) singing the English song.
The little boy’s crying drew our attention.
2) 有些動(dòng)詞后面既可跟動(dòng)詞不定式,又可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),注意它們的不同意思。
|
doing
sth
|
to
do sth
|
remember
|
記得做過(guò)某事,(動(dòng)作已發(fā)生) |
記得去做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生) |
forget |
忘了做過(guò)某事(動(dòng)作已發(fā)生) |
忘了去做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生) |
regret |
后悔過(guò)去做過(guò)的事 |
遺憾地去做事 |
mean |
意味著做某事 |
意欲、打算做某事 |
try |
試著做某事(看會(huì)發(fā)生什么) |
努力、設(shè)法、企圖做某事 |
stop |
停止做某事 |
停下來(lái)去做另一事 |
go on |
繼續(xù)原來(lái)的事 |
接著做另一件事 |
can’t
help |
禁不住、情不自禁地做某事 |
無(wú)法幫助去做某事 |
learn |
學(xué)會(huì)做某事 |
學(xué)著、開(kāi)始學(xué)做某事 |
need
/ want/require |
某事需要被做(= to be done) |
需要做某事(主動(dòng)意思) |
[各個(gè)擊破]
3、賓語(yǔ):動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),表示一種習(xí)慣、愛(ài)好。
He likes smoking while I like drinking.
注意:動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),表示一個(gè)具體的動(dòng)作,不表示習(xí)慣。
I like smoking, but I don’t like to smoke today, for I’ve got a cold.
有些動(dòng)詞后面不用不定式作賓語(yǔ),而只用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),請(qǐng)記住以下口訣:memepscarfi: 音譯成:妹妹不吃咖啡。這里每個(gè)字母代表一個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞:m-miss e-enjoy ; m-mind ;e-escape; p- practise; s- suggest / stand; c- consider / complete; a-admit / allow /advise / appreciate / avoid; r- risk; f- finish ; i- imagine,常用的詞都列在里面了。
I highly appreciate your helping the old lady.
動(dòng)名詞還作介詞賓語(yǔ)。 I don’t feel like going to the station to meet the guests.
2、表語(yǔ):動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)是對(duì)句子主語(yǔ)的一種說(shuō)明,主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)名詞可以交換位置,句子的意思不變。這有別于進(jìn)行時(shí):進(jìn)行時(shí)句中用的是現(xiàn)在分詞,表示主語(yǔ)的一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,主語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞不能交換位置。
What he likes most is playing football. = Playing football is what he likes most.
He is playing football with his friends.
[要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥]動(dòng)名詞是由動(dòng)詞后+ing的形式構(gòu)成的,與動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞同形。它保留了動(dòng)
詞的特征,即:它可以帶自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ),又具有名詞的特征。
1、主語(yǔ): Studying English well is no easy job.
注意:1)在下面一些結(jié)構(gòu)中,常用it作形式主語(yǔ),將用作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞放于句末。
It is no use / no good / useless / nice / good / fun / interesting ….+ doing sth.
It’s good hearing Chinese, my mother tongue, spoken here.
2)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別:動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)具體的動(dòng)作,而動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)則表示一個(gè)抽象的、一般的概念。
Reading English in the morning is of great use for students.
To read this English book will take much time.
4、表語(yǔ):過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài),且該狀態(tài)通常是由外界因素引起的。這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞可以被看作一個(gè)形容詞,是形容詞化的過(guò)去分詞。
e.g. I’m interested in reading novels written by Jin Yong.
注:分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須是主句的主語(yǔ),如果分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)并不是主句
的主語(yǔ),而另有其邏輯主語(yǔ),則應(yīng)在分詞前補(bǔ)上其邏輯主語(yǔ),構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。
e.g. The baby sleeping (As the baby was sleeping)in the room, we dared not turn up the TV.
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