3、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，表示賓語(yǔ)與補(bǔ)語(yǔ)存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且常用于have something done / get something done / make oneself done ….等句型中。

e.g.　 Yesterday he had his watch fixed at the watch-maker’s.

2、狀語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)可分為：一般式(done)：表示分詞動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作前；完成式(having been done)：強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。

Scolded ( As she was scolded) by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head.

　　　 　 Having been kept (As he had been kept) in prison for many years, he went mad.

1、定語(yǔ)：?jiǎn)我坏倪^(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放于被修飾的名詞前，過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放于被修飾的名詞后，過(guò)去分詞及過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)均可以發(fā)展為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。

　　　　 The broken window (The window which was broken) will be replaced soon.

　　　 The books bought yesterday ( which were bought yesterday) are of high quality.

　　　　 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)有三種時(shí)態(tài)：done….：表示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生；to be done：表示動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生；being done：表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。對(duì)比以下三句：

　　　 The bridge built last year (which was built last year) is very beautiful.

　　　 The bridge to be built next month (which will be built next month) will be very long.

　　　 The bridge being built (which is being built) will be completed next month.

5、獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，是固定說(shuō)法，不以主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)去分析。常見(jiàn)的有：generally speaking, judging from/by, considering…

　　　 Generally speaking, he is quite skillful at playing table tennis.

過(guò)去分詞：過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)在句中可作：

4、表語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)，可以看作形容詞，是形容詞化的現(xiàn)在分詞。

　　　　 The film was very interesting.

3、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，表示賓語(yǔ)的一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用于一些常見(jiàn)句型中:

　　　　 see / hear / feel / notice / have / catch / leave / set / send…. sb. doing sth.

　　　　 The salesman caught the thief stealing in the shop.

2、狀語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)可分為：一般式(doing)：表示分詞動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；完成式(having done)：表示分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。

　　　 The old man passed away, leaving a lot of debts unpaid.

　　 　　 Having finished (After he had finished) his exercises, he went to play basketball.

[要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥]分詞可分為：現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩類。

現(xiàn)在分詞: 現(xiàn)在分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在句中可作：

1、定語(yǔ)：?jiǎn)蝹�(gè)的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放于被修飾的名詞前，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)放被修飾的名詞后，現(xiàn)在分詞及現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)均可以發(fā)展為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。

　　　　 The girl reading over there (The girl who was reading over there) soon fell asleep.

7、獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作插入語(yǔ)。常用的有：to tell the truth , to be frank , to make things worse…

6、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：1)賓補(bǔ)： He asked me to do work with him.

　　　　 2)主補(bǔ)： She was often heard to sing the song while doing housework.