賓語(yǔ)從句中考考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)擊
賓語(yǔ)從句在初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中有著相當(dāng)重要的地位，幾乎每年的中考都有對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句不同角度的考查。筆者認(rèn)真研讀了近年來(lái)有關(guān)賓語(yǔ)從句的中考題，發(fā)現(xiàn)其考查的重點(diǎn)一般都集中在以下幾個(gè)方面：
一、連接詞
賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞分為三類(lèi)：
1.引導(dǎo)陳述句用that（在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常常省略）。
2.引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句用if或whether。
注意：下列幾種情況通常使用whether：
�。�1）在具有選擇意義又有or或or not時(shí)，尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí)，往往用whether；
�。�2）在介詞之后用whether；
�。�3）在不定式前用whether等。
3.引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句，只需用原來(lái)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞。
中考題例：
We'd like to know ___________ or not.（2004年山東濰坊）
A.whether will the sports meeting come
B.if will the sports meeting come
C.whether the sports meeting will come
D.if the sports meeting will come
答案與解析：答案為C項(xiàng)。題干中出現(xiàn)了or not，所以連接賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞要用whether，故選C項(xiàng)。
二、語(yǔ)序
在含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，不管主句是陳述句還是疑問(wèn)句，從句一律是用“連接詞＋陳述句語(yǔ)序”，其標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)由主句來(lái)決定。
中考題例：
- Excuse me，could you tell me ___________？
- Certainly.It's over there along the street on the left.（2005年吉林）
A.where the People's Park is
B.where is the People's Park
C.the People's Park is where
D.the People's Park where is
答案與解析：答案為A項(xiàng)。賓語(yǔ)從句一律使用陳述句語(yǔ)序，故選A項(xiàng)。
湖北省高考沖刺武大華工高中2009年高三二月調(diào)研測(cè)試
英語(yǔ)試題
第一部分：聽(tīng)力 (共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)
第一節(jié)（共5 小題；每小題1．5分，滿(mǎn)分7．5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。
1．Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A．In an office． B．In a library． C．In a bookstore．
2．Where did the speakers plan to go?
A．A shopping center．
B．An opera house．
C．The parking lot．
3．Which aspect of the film does the woman like?
A．The plot． B．The music． C．The dialogue．
4．What do we know about the woman’s jacket?
A．It is sold at a lower price．
B．Its color is her favorite．
C．It is her sister’s size．
5．What does the woman imply?
A．The man is so forgetful．
B．The man is too careless．
C．The man is over confident．
第二節(jié)（共15 小題；每小題1．5分，滿(mǎn)分22．5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前后，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6．What makes the man so tired?
A．Playing games．
B．Surfing the Internet．
C．Searching for interesting people．
7．Whom did the man chat with?
A．People from Canada．
B．People in need of his help．
C．People on the same project．
聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8．What does the law forbid people to do?
A．To take dogs to parks．
B．To walk dogs in the streets．
C．To treat dogs cruelly．
9．What do we know from what the woman said?
A．Dogs should be kept at home．
B．Building a dog park is necessary．
C．People would remove the dog waste．
聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10．According to the man, what did he do before he watched TV?
A．He washed his hands．
B．He had his supper．
C．He took a path．
11．What place had the man been to the night before?
A．James Street． B．A restaurant． C．A friend’s home．
12．What does the man try to do in the conversation?
A．To prove the truth． B．To find the truth． C．To hide the truth．
聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13．Why did the son come back late?
A．He hurt his hands and knees．
B．He went to a pub with Linda．
C．He waited a long time for the bus．
14．What was the old lady doing in the middle of the road?
A．Looking for something．
B．Struggling to sand up．
C．Trying to seek help．
15．What happened to Linda?
A．She was fired． B．She got injured． C．She had an accident．
16．Where was the witness?
A．Outside the pub B．At a bus stop． C．In his car．
聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17．What’s the problem of some of the university students?
A．They don’t spend all their time on studies．
B．They don’t know what to do with their free time．
C．They don’t have choices for outside class activities．
18．How is the students’ high school life?
A．Controlled and busy．
B．Regular and colorful．
C．Active and independent．
19．According to the speaker, what is the role of outside class activities at university?
A．To make students healthier．
B．To improve students’ test scores．
C．To enrich students’ experience．
20．What does the speaker advise his students to do?
A．Learn to enjoy themselves．
B．Learn to be their own masters．
C．Learn to develop their potential．
第二部分：英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分55分）
第一節(jié)：多項(xiàng)選擇（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）
從A、B、C、D四個(gè)www.ks5u.com選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
21．The couple got into a(n)_____ about where to celebrate New Year’s Eve: at home or in a restaurant．
A．comment B．a(chǎn)rgument C．debate D．quarrel
22．Zhang Haidi’s face was easily_____ because more and more media covered her moving deeds．
A．known B．discovered C．recognized D．seen
23．After a long journey across the whole country from north to south, they found themselves_____ as well as their clothes．
A．picked out B．called out C．caught out D．worn out
24．We are quite sure that Mr．Smith will_____ be successful because he works so hard with efficiency．
A．probably B．likely C．nearly D．possibly
25．The terrible accident almost_____ the driver his life．
A．valued B．counted C．took D．cost
26．Trapped by the police, the terrorists made their_____ attempt to explode the bomb that they carried．
A．brave B．desperate C．harmful D．considerate
27．After he retired from his office, Mr．Green_____ painting for a while, but soon lost interest．
A．took up B．kept up
C．make up for D．take into account
28．The final exam is approaching; it is high time we should_____ our studies．
A．get out of B．get along with C．get into D．get through
29．Can’t you notice that there is little time left, please tell me the whole thing_____．
A．in case B．in brief C．in total D．in detail
30．There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law．_____, it is important that we should have a try．
A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Whereas D．Nevertheless
第二節(jié)：完成句子（共10小題；每小題1．5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下列各小題，根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子，并將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)的橫線(xiàn)上。
31．____________________(不知如何解決) the problem, Jack turned to his teacher for help． (work)
32．______________ (很重要) that the students develop the essential ability to do things． (important)
33．There was plenty of time．You____________(沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)心) about how long it would take． (need)
34．The more we get together, _________________________(我們就越高興)． (happy)
35．All the Chinese jumped with joy________________________(他們一聽(tīng)到)the news that Shenzhou VII had been sent up into space successfully． (moment)
36．I can’t understand____________________(是什么) that made the lady change her mind．
(what)
37．_____________________________(情況更糟糕的是)，the worker also had a son who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies． (matter)
38．Mother suggests you should find out the point_________________________(你失敗的地方)． (lie)
39．_____________________(雖然她是個(gè)青年教師)，she is popular with her students． (as)
40．Generally speaking, teachers like anyone__________________________(課堂積極)．(active)
第三節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題；每小題1．5分，滿(mǎn)分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Coming home from school that dark winter day so long ago, I was filled
with excitement of having the weekend off．But I was 41 into stillness by what I saw．Mother, seated at the far end of
the sofa, was 42 , with the second-hand green
typewriter on the table．She told me that she couldn’t 43 fast and then she was out of work．My shock and embarrassment at
finding mother in tears was a perfect proof of how 44 I understood the pressure on her．Sitting beside her on the sofa, I
began very slowly to understand．“ I guess we all have to 45 something,” mother said quietly．I could 46 her pain and the tension of 47 the strong feeling that were interrupted
by my 48 ．Suddenly, something inside me lit up．I reached out and put my arms around her．She broke then．She put her face 49
my shoulder and sobbed．I held her 50 and didn’t try to talk．I knew I was doing what I should,
what I could and that was 51 ．At that moment, feeling mother’s 52 with feelings, I understood for the first
time her being easy to 53 ．She was still my mother, 54 she was something 55 : a person like me, capable of fear
and 56 and failure．I could feel her pain as she must have felt mine on a thousand
occasions when I sought
41．A．tired B．a(chǎn)shamed C．lazy D．shocked
42．A．crying B．smiling C．thinking D．whispering
43．A．understand B．type C．run D．return
44．A．eagerly B．worriedly C．little D．much
45．A．fail B．win C．forget D．obtain
46．A．kill B．watch C．sense D．recognize
47．A．holding back B．putting away C．staying up D．stopping from
48．A．pain B．laughter C．a(chǎn)rrival D．disappearance
49．A．to B．up C．through D．a(chǎn)gainst
50．A．tightly B．thoughtfully C．carefully D．politely
51．A．enough B．precise C．content D．serious
52．A．hand B．face C．hair D．back
53．A．satisfy B．break C．fall D．shout
54．A．while B．a(chǎn)lthough C．yet D．since
55．A．more B．excellent C．strange D．huge
56．A．wound B．defeat C．cut D．hurt
57．A．kindness B．memory C．comfort D．support
58．A．supplied B．offered C．paid for D．contributed
59．A．different B．hard C．pleasant D．devoted
60．A．screaming B．laughing C．tapping D．sewing
第三部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分40分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made．Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects．Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages．I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic．
Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary．I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys．Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door．But I do have a clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects．
I am a naturalist, not a scientist．I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm had led me into varied investigations．I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil reading about other people’s observations and discoveries．Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind．Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together．This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research．
But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack．A scientist, up to a certain point, can be made．A naturalist is born．If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds．
61．The first paragraph tells us the author_____．
A．was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood
B．lost his hearing when he was a child
C．didn’t like his brothers and sisters
D．was born to a naturalist’s family
62．The author can’t remember his relatives clearly because_____．
A．he didn’t live very long with them
B．the family was extremely very large
C．he was too young when he lived with them
D．he was fully occupied with observing nature
63．It can be inferred from the passage that the author was_____．
A．a(chǎn) scientist as well as a naturalist B．a(chǎn) naturalist but not a scientist
C．no more than a born naturalist D．first of all a scientist
64．The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he_____．
A．has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic
B．lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist
C．just reads about other people’s observations and discoveries
D．comes up with solutions in a most natural way
B
Princeton University
Location
The university is in Princeton, New Jersey．It is an hour’s train ride south of New York City and an hour’s train north of Philadelphia．
Students
There are 4,600 undergraduates(本科生)．There are also 1,900 graduate students, but Princeton is unusual among some universities in having a student body made up largely of undergraduates．
Faculty
Princeton has about 700 full-time faculty members(教員)．There are another 300 or so part-time and visiting faculty．All faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research．
Degree
Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees: the bachelor of arts (A．B．) degree and the bachelor of science in engineering (B．S．E．) degree．
Academic Year
An academic year runs from September to late May and lasts two terms (fall and spring)．A normal course load is four or five courses per term, although many students take extra courses．
Residences
Princeton provides housing for all undergraduate students．Freshman and second-year students are required to spend their first two years in one of five colleges．Each college has its own dining hall, common rooms and computer centers．
Fees and Expenses (Academic Year 2004-2005)
Tuition(學(xué)費(fèi)): $ 29,910
Room and board :$ 8,387
Other expenses (books, telephones, etc．) : $ 3,083
Total: $ 41,380
65．How many kinds of faculty members are there in Princeton University?
A．One． B．Two C．Three． D．Four．
66．In Princeton University, an undergraduate will pay at least_____ for the Academic Year 2004- 2005 besides tuition．
A．$ 41,380 B．$ 52,
67．In what way is Princeton University different from other American universities according to the text?
A．It has five colleges．
B．Its students are mainly undergraduates．
C．It provides housing for all undergraduate students．
D．All the faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research．
68．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees．
B．An academic year lasts about nine months in Princeton University．
C．Undergraduates should spend their first two years in one of five colleges．
D．It’s about an hour’s train ride from Princeton University to the north of New York City．
C
If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame, because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion．They are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores．Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion．When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear．
Changing fashion is nothing more than the intentional creation of waste．Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn．Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have．Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on．
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society．Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用) ．They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right．There can hardly be a man who hasn’t sometimes in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes．
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious．Does the constantly changing fashion of women’s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers．Do their unchanged styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide．
69．Designers and big stores always make money_____．
A．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
B．because they are capable of predicting the new fashion
C．by constantly changing the fashion in women’s clothing
D．because they always improve the quality of women’s clothing
70．To the writer, the fact that women change their old-fashioned dress is seen as_____．
A．a(chǎn) quality of instability B．a(chǎn) waste of time and money
C．a(chǎn)n expression of taste D．a(chǎn)n expression of creativity
71．The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the_____．
A．cost B．a(chǎn)ppearance C．comfort D．suitability
72．By saying “ the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”, the writer means that_____．
A．women’s changeableness in their choice of clothing was often laughed at
B．women are better able to put up with discomfort
C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers
D．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion
D
Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that scientific advances will
one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span．
“ I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生),” said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future．“ I think by 2075 we will see it and that’s a conservative estimate．”
At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology(納米技術(shù)) make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past．“ There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said．“ Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years．”
However, many scientists who specialize in aging are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last about 120 years．Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death．
Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live．“ It remains to be seen if you pass 120, you know; could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life?” said Leonard Poon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Center．“ At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all．”
73．By saying “ we are knocking at the door immortality”, Michael Zey means_____．
A．they believe that there is no limit of living
B．they are sure to find the truth about long living
C．they have got some ideas about living forever
D．they are able to make people live past the present life span
74．Donald Louria’s attitude toward long living is that_____．
A．people can live from 120 to 180
B．it is still doubtful how long humans can live
C．the human body is designed to last about 120 years
D．it is possible for humans to live longer in the future
75．The underlined “ it” (Para．4) refers to_____．
A．a(chǎn) great push
B．the idea of living beyond the present life span
C．the idea of living from 200 to 300
D．the conservative estimate
76．What would be the best title for this text?
A．Living longer or not
B．Science, technology and long living
C．No limit for human life
D．Healthy lifestyle and long living
E
I am a good mother to three children．I have tried never to let my profession stand in the way of being a good parent．
I no longer consider myself the center of the universe．I show up．I listen．I try to laugh．I am a good friend to my husband．I have tried to make marriage vows mean what they say．I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me．Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today．
So here’s what I wanted to tell you today: Get a life．A real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger pay-check…．
Get a life in which you are not alone．Find people you love, and who love you．And remember that love is not leisure, it is work．Pick up the phone．Send an e-mail．Write a letter．And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking it for granted．
It is so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, and our minutes．It is so easy to exist instead of to live．I learned to live many years ago．Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all．And what I learned from it is what , today, seems to be the hardest lesson of all．
I learned to love the journey, not the destination．I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally．And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned．
By telling them this: Read in the backyard with the sun on your face．Learn to be happy．And think of life as a deadly illness, because if you do, you will live it with joy and passion as it ought to be lived．
77．It can be inferred from the passage that_____．
A．the author is a success in personal life
B．the author didn’t try her best to work well
C．the author spent all her time caring for her children
D．the author likes travelling very much
78．How did the author form her view of life?
A．Through social experience． B．By learning from her friends．
C．Through an unfortunate experience D．From her children and husband．
79．By the underlined sentence “ It is so easy to exist instead of to live” in the fifth paragraph, the author really means that people tend to_____．
A．make a living rather than live a real life
B．work rather than enjoy life
C．waste a lot in life
D．forget the most important lessons in life
80．What’s the author’s attitude towards work?
A．Do it well to serve others．
B．Earn enough money to make life better．
C．Try your best to get higher position and pay．
D．Don’t let it affect your real life．
第四部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿(mǎn)分25分）
假設(shè)你是艾學(xué)習(xí)，上個(gè)星期天去市圖書(shū)館看書(shū)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)以下問(wèn)題，你寫(xiě)信向館長(zhǎng)Mr．Wang反映：
1．實(shí)用性的書(shū)、新書(shū)太少；
2．書(shū)架上的書(shū)比較混亂；
3．閱覽室的光線(xiàn)對(duì)視力有害；
4．管理員工作時(shí)彼此閑聊。
注意：
1．詞數(shù)：100左右；
2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3．信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Mr．Wang,
Last Sunday, I went to do some reading in your library．
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________So, for the sake of readers, I suggest that you change all those mentioned as soon as possible．
Yours,
蚌埠三中2009屆高三英語(yǔ)月考考試英語(yǔ)試題
(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘 試卷分值：150分)
注意：本試卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ兩卷。第Ⅰ卷為選擇題，所有答案必須用2B鉛筆涂在答題卡中相應(yīng)的位置。第Ⅱ卷非選擇題，所有答案必須填在答題卷的相應(yīng)位置。答案寫(xiě)在試卷上均無(wú)效，不予記分。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題 共115分）
第一部分：聽(tīng)力（30分）
第一節(jié) (共5個(gè)小題；每個(gè)小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)，每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。
1. How many nights does the man want to have a room for?
A. 4. B. 3. C.2.
2. Whom does the raincoat belong to?
A. The woman. B. The woman's friend. C. The man's friend.
3. Who is going to make the copies for the woman?
A. The man. B. Her assistant. C. The clerk.
4. What is the man going to do with the money he won?
A. He is going to buy a lot of expensive things.
B. He is going to buy a new car.
C. He is going to make much more money with it.
5. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The woman has missed her train.
B. The woman will probably catch her train.
C. The woman is often late for work.
第二節(jié) (共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每個(gè)小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各個(gè)小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6―8小題。
6. What's the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Workmates. C. Boyfriend and girlfriend.
7. Why was the man feeling angry?
A. Because he thought he had lost his phone.
B. Because he wanted to call her but forgot the number.
C. Because someone else misunderstood him.
8. What might the woman speaker have thought of his matter?
A. She felt sorry for her mistake. B. She felt glad privately.
C. She felt angry with the caller.
聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9―11小題。
9. What can you see in the first postage stamps?
A. A picture of Queen Victoria. B. A picture of the queen's palace.
C. A picture of Rowland Hill.
10. When were the first postage stamps issued?
A. In 1840. B. In 1920. C. In 1804.
11. Who paid for mail delivery before the appearance of postage stamps?
A. The queen. B. The British government.
C. Either the sender or the receiver of a letter.
聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12―14小題。
12. What is the woman fed up with?
A. Sitting on packing cases. B. Packing up cases. C. Going shopping.
13. What does the man worry about?
A. They cannot find second-hand chairs. B. New chairs are very expensive.
C. Old chairs are shaky.
14. When does the market open?
A. On Thursdays. B. On Sundays. C. On Saturdays.
聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15―17小題。
15. What may be the man's purpose from the conversation?
A. He wants to find a suitable job. B. He wants to get a suitable wife.
C. He wants to marry the woman.
16. What kind of people might he prefer?
A. A serious person. B. A practical person. C. A rich person.
17. What's the man's possible favor according to the talk?
A. Sightseeing. B. Running a restaurant. C. Writing news reports.
聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18―20小題。
18. How long should food be left before a dog?
A. Until it eats the food. B. Less than thirty minutes. C. More than thirty minutes.
19. What kind of dog needs to run for exercise?
A. A young one. B. A small one. C. a big one.
20. Which point was not mentioned as important for good care of a dog?
A. Going to the clinic. B. A clean environment. C. Proper feeding.
第二部分 知識(shí)運(yùn)用（45分）
第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空（15分）
21. --We had ____really hot September this year.
--- I can't remember_____September when it snowed in Bengbu.
A.a; / B./; the C. the; a D. a; a
22. ---You mustn't play football on the street. It's dangerous.
---No,_________. Thank you.
A. it's safe B. we won't
C. it's none of your business D. we must
23. ---I'd like to learn more about the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
---Better try____the CCTV website, and you are likely___the information in no time.
A. to visit; to get B. to visit; getting C. visiting; to get D. visiting; getting
24. Do physical exereise every day ____you will keep fit.
A. or B. yet C. and D. but
25. _____it comes to traffic rules, I often come across such cases_____the local drivers
are confused or uncertain of their roles.
A. If; why B. As; which C. Once; as D. When; where
26. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for___he thought was not enough.
A. where B. how C. what D. which
27. --Tony, the steak smells ___now.
--Sorry, I forgot that the way to keep steak in hot weather was __ it into the refrigerator.
A. bad; put B. badly; putting C. bad; to put D. badly; to put
28. It was not until I began to work ____I realized how much time I had wasted.
A. that B. when C. before D. which
29. The failure of the project is due to the fact that you don't__ enough
importance ___your methods.
A. link; with B. stick; to C. attach; to D. combine; with
30．If we had not missed the bus，we lunch at home now．
A．would have had B．would have C．must be having D．would be having
31.The old houses of this area had to be___ immediately so that the government could carry ils flower-style-city programme out.
A. torn up B. torn down C. torn away D. torn out
32. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have___opportunity
to change his mind.
A. accurate B. urgent C. excessive D. adequat
33As your teacher advised, you ought to spend your time on something __ researching.
A. precious B. worth C. worthy D. valuable
34.．―How are you today?
― ――Oh，I as ill as I do now for a long time．
A．didn’t feel B．wasn’t feeling C．don’t fee D．haven’t felt
35..The school provides teachers with educational videos designed
to ___the teaching plans.
A. fit into B. fit for C. fit up D. fit to
第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分
The first day of school we were challenged to get to know a new classmate. I 36 around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I found a little 37 lady with a warm smile.
She said, "Hi! I'm Rose. I'm 87 years old. Can I give you a hug ?" I laughed and heartily 38 , "Of course!"
"Why are you in college at such a young, innocent age?" I asked.
She 39 replied, "I'm here to meet a rich husband, get married, have children, and then travel around."
"No 40 ," I asked. I was curious why she 41 this challenge at this age.
"I always 42 having a college education and now I'm getting one!" she told me. We became instant friends.
43 , Rose became a campus icon (偶像) and she easily made friends wherever she went. She loved to dress up and she enjoyed the 44 from the other students.
At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet. I'll never forget what she 45 us.
"We do not stop playing because weare old; we grow old 46 we stop playing. Here are the secrets to staying 47 . You have to laugh and find 48 every day. You've got to have a dream. When you lose your dreams, you die. 49 we have many people like this walking around!" she said.
"There is a huge 50 between growing older and growing up. Anybody can grow older. That doesn't 51 any talent or ability," she added. "But growing up requires 52 the opportunity in change. Have no 53 . The elderly usually don't regret what they did, but rather things they did not do"
One week after graduation that year, Rose died peacefully in her sleep. She taught us 54 that it's never too 55 to be all you can possibly be.
36. A. stopped B. showed C. asked D. looked
37. A. old B. exciting C. strange D. nervous
38. A. added B. claimed C. responded D. offered
39. A. slowly B. jokingly C. funnily D. simply
40. A. seriously B. wisely C. really D. secretly
41. A. took up B. put up C. took on D. put on
42. A. dreamed to B. looked forward to C. looked up to D. dreamed of
43. A. Over the year B. AIl of a sudden C. Once again D. As usual
44. A. jokes B. questions C. attention D. followers
45. A. inspired B. taught C. requested D. lectured
46. A. when B. because C. so D. although
47. A. young B. healthy C. growing D. developing
48. A. goals B. humor C. meaning D. inspirations
49. A. Unfortunately B. Naturally C. Generally D. Fairly
50. A. division B. change C. cross D. difference
51. A. use B. take C. compare D. prefer
52. A. winning B. improving C. meeting D. finding
53. A. doubts B. fear C. regrets D. worry
54. A. at last B. by herself C. by example D. in practice
55. A. late B. old C. early D. young
第三部分 閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分40分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
My elder brother
Steve, in the absence of my father who died when I was six, gave me important
lessons in values that helped me grow into an adult. For instance, Steve taught
me to face the results of my behavior. Once when I returned in tears from a
Saturday baseball game, it was Steve who took the time to ask me what happened.
When I explained that my baseball had soared through Mrs. Holt’s basement
window, breaking the glass with a crash, Steve encouraged me to confess to her.
After all, I should have been playing in the park down
56. What is the main subject of the passage?
A. The relationship between mark and Steve.
B. The important lesson Mark learned in school
C. Steve’s important role in mark’s growing process.
D. Mark and Steve’s respect for living things.
57.It can be inferred from the passage that when mark confessed to Mrs.Holt, __________.
A. he felt surprised B. he was light-hearted C. he felt frightened D. he knelt before her
58. In the story about the pen, which of the following lessons did Steve teach his brother?
A. Respect for personal property. B. Respect for life.
C. Sympathy for people with problems. D. The value of honesty.
59. According to the writer, which was the most important lesson Steve taught his young brother?
A. Respect for living things. B. Responsibility for one’s actions.
C. The value of the honesty. D. Care for the property of others.
60. Which of the follow is true according to the passage?
A. Mark was still a boy when he wrote this passage.
B. Mark lost the small dog his father carved.
C. When a living thing hurts you, you should kill it.
D. Even if a living thing hurts you, you should not kill it without hesitation.
B
WHERE TO STAY IN BOSWELL YOUR GUIDE TO OUR BEST HOTEL
Name/AddressNo. of RoomsSingleDoubleSpecial Attractions
FIRST HOTEL
Tel.414-6433120＄25＄35Air-conditioned rooms,
French restaurant,
Night club,
Swimming-pool, Shops,
Coffee shop and bar,
Telephone, radio and
TV in each room,
Close to the city center
FAIRVIEW HOTEL
Tel.591-562050＄12＄18Close to the air-port, Telephone
In each room, Bar, Restaurant,
Garage, Swimming-pool
ORCHARD HOTEL
Tel.641-6646120＄15＄20Facing First hotel,
European restaurant,
Coffee shop, Dry-cleaning,
Shops, tv, night-club
OSAKA HOTEL
Tel.643-820180＄30＄50Air-Conditioned rooms,
Japanese and
Chinese restaurants, Shops,
Swimming-pool, Large garden
61 .The number of the rooms in the best hotels in Boswell is___ .
A. 120 B.
62.If a Japanese traveler likes to eat in French restaurant,___is the right place for him to go to.
A. 233 Edward Road B.
C. 222 Edward Road D.
63 .Which hotel faces the Orchard hotel?
A. The First hotel. B. The Osaka hotel. C. The Fairview Hotel. D. No hotel.
C
How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.
Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. in addition, life is always presenting new things to the child-things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his parents, he is not so free to do what he wishes to do； he is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong. When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.
64. According to the second paragraph, the writer thinks that _______.
A. life for a child is comparatively easy
B. a child is always loved whatever he does
C. if much is given to a child, he must do something in return
D. only children are interested in life
65. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. People are often satisfied with their life.
B. Life is less interesting for old people.
C. Adults are freer to do what they want to do.
D. Adults should no longer rely on others.
66. The main idea of the passage is _________.
A. life is not enjoyable since each age has some pains
B. young men can have the greatest happiness if they work hard
C. childhood is the move enjoyable time in one’s life
D. one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life
67. The paragraph following this passage will most probably discuss _________.
A. examples of successful young men
B. how to build up one’s position in society
C. joys and pains of old people
D. what to do when one has problems in life
D
“It hurts me more than you”, and “This is for your own good”―these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.
That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They taught that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.
Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we’ve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Klompus who says of her students―“so passive”―and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Klompus, contributes to children’ s passivity. “We’ re talking about a generation of kids who’ ve never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, instead of saying ‘go and look it up’, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid.”
Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. It’ s time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It’ s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it’ s for their own good. It’s s time to start telling them no again.
68.Children are becoming more inactive in study because ____.
A. they watch TV too often B. they have done too much homework
C. they have to fulfil too many duties D. teachers are too strict with them
69.We learn from the passage that the author’s mother used to lay emphasis on_____.
A. learning Latin B. discipline
C. natural development D. education at school
70.By“permissive period in education”(L.1,Para.2)the author means a time ___.
A. when children are allowed to do what they wish to
B. when everything can be taught at school
C. when every child can be educated
D. when children are permitted to receive education
71. The main idea of the passage is that____ .
A. parents should leave their children alone
B. kids should have more activities at school
C. it’s time to be more strict with our kids
D. parents should always set a good example to their kids
E
Advertising is a highly developed twentieth-century industry. The development of radio, television, cinema, magazines and newspapers has gone hand in hand with the development of advertising. Why is advertising so popular? Is it a waste of money? It has been proved again and again that ?repeated advertising increases product sales. Since it increases production, the price can be reduced. Therefore advertising, instead of making a product more expensive, makes it cheaper.
Advertising is now a scientific business. Once managers would say jokingly, " I know that half of what I spend on advertising is wasted, but I don't know which half." Now, all parts of an advertising programme are properly measured and researched.
What makes a good advertisement? There have been major changes in advertising in the past sixty years.. People read advertisements partly for information and partly for pleasure. Today's advertisements often start with a question, or a puzzle, with the purpose of attracting the reader's attention. Of course, most advertisements contain information. But this is usually contained in a text that is interesting and often funny. Humour is very important. Sometimes advertisements tell a story, or the story may be continued over a number of advertisements. However, there is a danger in this. It is possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.
72. The purpose of advertising is ____.
A. to increase product sales
B. to make a product much better
C. to spend more money
D. to reduce the production
73. Which of the following can be used in place of the underlined phrase "hand in hand" ?
A. Here and there. B. Again and again.
C. As usual. D. At the same time.
74. What is meant by what managers said in the second paragraph?
A. A11 the money on advertising was wasted.
B. Not all the advertisements were well designed.
C.A11 the managers knew about advertising then.
D. Managers spent no money on advertising.
75. What does the writer think of advertising?
A. Useless. B. Unnecessary. C. Important. D. Wasteful.
第三部分 寫(xiě)作（共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分55分）
第一節(jié) 改錯(cuò)
British newspapers are much smaller and its readers are of ten 1._________
in a hurry, so newspapermen write so few words as possible. 2._________
They tell their readers at once what was happened, where, 3._________
when and how it happened and what is the resuh : how 4.________
much people were killed, what damage was done and so on. 5.________
Readers ,,ant the fact as fully and accurately as possible. 6._________
So newspaperman always bikes to get some itfformation from 7.__________
someone who was there, that can be given in the person's 8.__________
own words. Because he can use only a little words, the 9.__________
newspaperman must choose those words careful, everyone 10.__________
must be effective.
第二節(jié) 寫(xiě)作
某英語(yǔ)報(bào)正在就中學(xué)生可不可以帶手機(jī)上學(xué)這一話(huà)題開(kāi)展討論。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表所提供的信息，向該報(bào)編輯寫(xiě)一封英文信，發(fā)表觀(guān)點(diǎn)。
手機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)： 1．便于和父母和朋友聯(lián)系；2. 能增加樂(lè)趣。
帶手機(jī)上學(xué)存在的問(wèn)題：1．上課時(shí)使用手機(jī)干擾教學(xué)；2. 用手機(jī)聊天、發(fā)短信費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)錢(qián)。
3．玩手機(jī)游戲，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。
建議： 你的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。
注意：1. 信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總次數(shù)；
2. 詞數(shù)：100左右。
Dear Editor:
I’m a senior three student. I”m writing to tell you my opinion
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
蚌埠三中2009屆高三英語(yǔ)月考考試英語(yǔ)試題
甘肅省天水一中2009屆高三第一學(xué)期期末考試化學(xué)
命題
本試題分為第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分，第Ⅰ卷為選擇題，共45分；第Ⅱ卷為非選擇題，共55分。滿(mǎn)分100分，考試時(shí)間為90分鐘。
可能用到的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量： O16 N 14
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共45分）
甘肅省天水一中2009屆高三第一學(xué)期期末考試地理
命題:張敏,審核:何偉
第1卷 單項(xiàng)選擇題(共60分)
探索宇宙的奧秘，開(kāi)發(fā)宇宙的資源是人類(lèi)創(chuàng)造力的最高體現(xiàn)之一。據(jù)此回答1~3題。
1．
A．距日太遠(yuǎn) B．質(zhì)量太小 c．軌道太扁 D．自身不發(fā)光
2．
A．農(nóng)歷初一 B．農(nóng)歷十五 C．農(nóng)歷初七、八 D．農(nóng)歷廿二、廿三
3．
A．格林尼治時(shí)間為5時(shí)30分 B．北京時(shí)間為10日22 時(shí)30分
c．全球還有一大部分地區(qū)是lO日 D.太陽(yáng)直射點(diǎn)在向南移動(dòng)
下圖為我國(guó)某河干流一個(gè)水文站 測(cè)得的全年各月流量統(tǒng)計(jì)圖，據(jù)此回答4－5題。
期期末考試地理.files/image002.jpg)
4、該河位于我國(guó)
A．西北地區(qū) B．華北地區(qū) C．東北地區(qū) D．南方地區(qū)
5、該河流域適合種植的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物是
A．小麥 B．甜菜 C．棉花 D．小米
期期末考試地理.files/image004.jpg)
讀四幅地貌景觀(guān)圖片，回答6、7題。
6．關(guān)于構(gòu)成①一④地景觀(guān)的巖石及其巖性的敘述正確的是
①景觀(guān)中的巖石為噴出巖，在陸地表面廣泛分布②景觀(guān)中巖石屬于沉積巖，巖層結(jié)構(gòu)清晰③景觀(guān)中巖石的巖性可能上硬下軟 ④景觀(guān)中的巖石為大理巖，易受酸性雨水侵蝕
A．①② B．②③ c．③④ D．①④
7．關(guān)于形成①一④地景觀(guān)的地質(zhì)作用，敘述正確的是
A．①景觀(guān)中的奇峰怪石為流水溶蝕作用形成
B．②景觀(guān)為壯觀(guān)的大峽谷，由巖層斷裂形成
c．③景觀(guān)中，風(fēng)力侵蝕是塑造該地貌的主要地質(zhì)作用
D．④景觀(guān)為早期受巖漿侵入影響變質(zhì)的巖層，后抬升至地面形成
讀大陸邊緣向洋盆過(guò)渡的地形剖面示意圖，回答8、9題。注意是大陸的東岸？西岸？
期期末考試地理.files/image006.jpg)
8．③圖中，c地位于
A．非洲板塊與印度洋板塊張裂地帶
B．美洲板塊與亞歐板塊張裂地帶
C．印度洋板塊與太平洋板塊碰撞地帶
D．亞歐板塊與太平洋板塊碰撞地帶
9．流經(jīng)①圖a海域的洋流是
A．秘魯寒流 B．墨西哥灣暖流
c．北大西洋暖流 D．日本暖流
下圖是美國(guó)20世紀(jì)30年代某災(zāi)害分布示意圖，完成10-12題。（發(fā)生天數(shù)最多處不臨海）
期期末考試地理.files/image008.jpg)
10．圖中反映的災(zāi)害可能是
A．暴風(fēng)雪 B．颶風(fēng) c．水災(zāi) D．沙塵暴
11．該災(zāi)害多出現(xiàn)于
A．4-5月 B．6-7月 C．8-9月 D．10-11月
12．該災(zāi)害形成最主要的原因是
A．距海遠(yuǎn)近 B．緯度高低 C．地形條件 D．植被破壞
蘇軾詩(shī)曰“日啖荔枝三百顆，不辭長(zhǎng)做嶺南人。”據(jù)此回答13-15 。
13．詩(shī)中的“嶺”是指
A．秦嶺 B．南嶺 c．大興安嶺 D．烏鞘嶺
14．江蘇省不能種植荔枝的限制性因素主要是( )。
A．熱量不足 B．土壤貧瘠 c．勞動(dòng)力缺乏 D．降水稀少
15．嶺南地區(qū)與江蘇省均可以發(fā)展的農(nóng)業(yè)是( )。
A．遷移農(nóng)業(yè) B．大牧場(chǎng)放牧業(yè) c．水稻種植業(yè) D．種植園農(nóng)業(yè)
讀工業(yè)組合圖．回答16、17題。
期期末考試地理.files/image010.jpg)
16．分析影響各組工業(yè)區(qū)位選擇的主要因素是( )。
A．①技術(shù)②市場(chǎng)③勞動(dòng)力④動(dòng)力 B．①市場(chǎng)②勞動(dòng)力③資源④技術(shù)
c．①勞動(dòng)力②技術(shù)③原料④市場(chǎng) D．①技術(shù)②勞動(dòng)力③市場(chǎng)④原料
17．工業(yè)區(qū)位受原料產(chǎn)地的制約越來(lái)越小，主要是因?yàn)? )。
A．產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和體積增加 B．運(yùn)輸條件和生產(chǎn)工藝的改進(jìn)
c．產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和價(jià)格提高 D．勞動(dòng)力價(jià)格和產(chǎn)品需求下降
下圖是除南極洲以外的各大洲面積與平均海拔示意圖，據(jù)此回答18-20題。
期期末考試地理.files/image012.jpg)
18．圖中①②③④⑤⑥表示的大洲依次是( )。
A．歐洲、南美洲、北美洲、亞洲、非洲、大洋洲
B．大洋洲、歐洲、南美洲、亞洲、非洲、北美洲
c．大洋洲、南美洲、期期末考試地理.files/image014.jpg)
北美洲、亞洲、非洲、歐洲
D．南美洲、北美洲、大洋洲、非洲、亞洲、歐洲
19．赤道和極圈都穿過(guò)的大洲是( )。
A．⑦ B．③ C．④ D．⑤
20．圖中所示的六大洲中，缺失亞寒帶針葉林的是( )。
A．①③ B．②④⑥ c．②③⑤⑥ D．①②⑤
據(jù)報(bào)道，我國(guó)首座70萬(wàn)千瓦塔式太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)在江蘇江寧建成并成功發(fā)電。據(jù)此回答21-23題。
21．在江蘇江寧建設(shè)太陽(yáng)能電站的主要原因是該地區(qū)
①是我國(guó)太陽(yáng)能資源最豐富的地區(qū)
②具有開(kāi)發(fā)利用太陽(yáng)能資源的資金與技術(shù)
③經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)，能源需求量大
④人口稠密，建太陽(yáng)能電站可吸納當(dāng)?shù)卮罅康南聧徆と?/p>
A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④
22．開(kāi)發(fā)利用太陽(yáng)能資源的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是
A．清潔無(wú)污染可再生 B．投資成本低廉
C．技術(shù)先進(jìn) D．受自然條件影響小
23．除太陽(yáng)能資源外，江蘇省還有哪些具有開(kāi)發(fā)潛力的新能源
A．地?zé)?nbsp; B．天然氣 C．風(fēng)能 D．核能
讀下圖回答題24―26題。
24．下列屬于利用區(qū)內(nèi)自然資源優(yōu)勢(shì)，重點(diǎn)發(fā)展的產(chǎn)業(yè)是
期期末考試地理.files/image016.jpg)
A．制茶業(yè) B．石油化學(xué)工業(yè)
c．棉紡織業(yè) D．微電子工業(yè)
25．該區(qū)域在進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)利用中應(yīng)
A．在沿海各地圍海造田
B．增加水稻種植面積
c．注重中低產(chǎn)田的改造
D．大力開(kāi)發(fā)沿海濕地
26．從c城市乘火車(chē)至d城市不需要經(jīng)過(guò)的鐵路(走最近路線(xiàn))有
A．京滬線(xiàn) B．京哈線(xiàn)
C．京九線(xiàn) D．哈大線(xiàn)
期期末考試地理.files/image018.gif)
讀我國(guó)中部某城市示意圖，回答27題。
27．下列敘述正確的是
A．甲處優(yōu)先發(fā)展的大型煉鋁廠(chǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)主要是接近原料地
B．乙處發(fā)展服裝、食品、自行車(chē)等輕工業(yè)為主的工業(yè)區(qū)，其主要區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)接近消費(fèi)市場(chǎng) C．丙處建一個(gè)以電子工業(yè)為主的新型工業(yè)園區(qū)，主要依據(jù)是水陸交通運(yùn)輸便利，環(huán)境優(yōu)美
D．甲處建發(fā)電廠(chǎng)主要優(yōu)勢(shì)在于，此處在與當(dāng)?shù)厥⑿酗L(fēng)向相垂直的郊外，城市環(huán)境污染較小
期期末考試地理.files/image020.jpg)
讀“某地理區(qū)域圖”，完成28～29題。
28．圖中甲地區(qū)根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀粭l件，今后經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方向最合理的是
A．為了解決糧食問(wèn)題，應(yīng)大規(guī)模開(kāi)荒種糧
B．種植熱帶雨林作物
C．增加草場(chǎng)載畜量
D．充分利用熱帶草原的自然風(fēng)光，發(fā)展旅游業(yè)
29．圖中乙地區(qū)面臨的最嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問(wèn)題
A．水土流失 B．大氣污染 C．土壤鹽堿化 D．荒漠化
30．下列關(guān)于電子通信帶來(lái)的社會(huì)變革，不正確的有
A．開(kāi)展電子商務(wù)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展
B．為人們提供各種服務(wù)，方便生活
C．世界各地的科學(xué)家參加電子會(huì)議，在國(guó)際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)表最新的論文，推動(dòng)世界科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展
D．加快信函和包裹的傳遞速度
第二卷（非選擇題）
31.（9分）讀圖11和相關(guān)資料，完成下列問(wèn)題。
上海港是我國(guó)第一大港，在我國(guó)和上海市的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中起著十分重要的作用。上海進(jìn)出物資總量的60%和上海口岸外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口物資的99%都通過(guò)上海港。此外，上海港還承擔(dān)了總吞吐量中30%以上的國(guó)內(nèi)中轉(zhuǎn)貨物。
期期末考試地理.files/image022.jpg)
圖11
（1）簡(jiǎn)要分析上海港建港并成為我國(guó)第一大港的區(qū)位條件。（5分）
（2）上海地區(qū)屬亞熱帶季風(fēng)性濕潤(rùn)氣候。請(qǐng)答出其主要?dú)夂蛱卣骱陀绊懺摰貐^(qū)的主要災(zāi)害性天氣有（舉兩例即可）。（4分）
主要?dú)夂蛱卣?
災(zāi)害：
32．（10分）科學(xué)發(fā)展觀(guān)作為新時(shí)期指導(dǎo)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略，在“十七大”被寫(xiě)入黨章。關(guān)注人與環(huán)境的和諧發(fā)展，追求全面發(fā)展和可持續(xù)發(fā)展，是科學(xué)發(fā)展觀(guān)的重要內(nèi)容。
期期末考試地理.files/image024.jpg)
材料一：我國(guó)某省區(qū)高新技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)分布圖和該省優(yōu)勢(shì)與特色產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值前五位百分比圖（圖6）。
（1）圖示甲省區(qū)簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為_(kāi)________；圖中①河是_________②河是____________；兩河之間的分水嶺是__________________。（4分）
（2）扼要說(shuō)明甲省高新技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)分布的特點(diǎn)。（2分）
（3）指出甲省高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)在優(yōu)勢(shì)與特色產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值的位次，并簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明該省發(fā)展高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)。（4分）
33.讀我國(guó)某區(qū)域圖（圖14），完成下列問(wèn)題。（4分）
期期末考試地理.files/image025.gif)
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（1）影響
（2）結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)刈匀粭l件，指出圖中陰影區(qū)域農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題。（2分）
期期末考試地理.files/image026.jpg)
期期末考試地理.files/image028.jpg)
34．下圖( 圖6 )為某地沿海景觀(guān)示意圖，讀后回答：（7分）
（1）C、D、E三個(gè)工業(yè)設(shè)施中，
是港口， 是核電站。(2分)
（2）F處宜建 （旅游設(shè)施），(1分) 理由是什么?(2分)
（3）近年來(lái)，近岸海域赤潮頻發(fā)，請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)述其人為污染源?（2分）
35.（10分）分析右側(cè)某城區(qū)圖，并回答問(wèn)題。
期期末考試地理.files/image030.jpg)
1）根據(jù)圖中工業(yè)布局，該地主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向可能_______。（1分）
2）從圖中可以看出，該市工業(yè)區(qū)位除考慮風(fēng)向外，還具有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：（4分）
①________，原因是_______________。
②________，原因是_______________。
3）A處規(guī)劃一大型工廠(chǎng)，根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)鼐唧w條件，最可能是_______廠(chǎng)，其有利條件是______________。（3分）
4）該市計(jì)劃在B處建該市商業(yè)中心，是否合理？
________，原因是____________________。（2分）
天水市一中2006級(jí)2008-2009學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末考試
地理答案
選擇題 1-5 CBDCB 6-10 BCDCD 11-15 ADBAC
16-20 DBACB 21-25 BACBC 26-30 CDDDD
31（9分）（1）①陸域條件:一般是說(shuō)建港的地方 地形平坦 有利于港口設(shè)施的建設(shè)(2分)
②水域條件:又分兩種:1是筑港條件(比如有淡水供應(yīng))2是停泊條件(比如水寬,深 適宜拋錨) (2分)③城市依托(比如上海是全國(guó)最大的商貿(mào)中心) (2分)④經(jīng)濟(jì)腹地(比如長(zhǎng)三角經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)) (2分)
⑤不利條件(一般是河道的淤積) (2分)
（2）氣候特征：夏季高溫多雨，(2分)冬季低溫少雨。(2分)災(zāi)害性天氣：臺(tái)風(fēng)、暴雨、洪澇、大風(fēng)、雷暴、龍卷風(fēng)、大霧等氣象災(zāi)害的影響。其中臺(tái)風(fēng)、暴雨時(shí)常造成巨大損失。(4分)（舉兩例即可）
32 答案：（20分） （1）陜（秦） 渭河 漢水（漢江） 秦嶺（8分）
（2）河流（渭河）沿岸（隴海鐵路沿線(xiàn)）的城市及附近地區(qū)（4分）
（3）第二位（2分） 區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì): ①科技力量雄厚（西安等城市高校較多,科研與智力支持力較強(qiáng)）； ②交通便利（通訊便捷與電力有保障 ）。（6分）
33 地形 合理灌溉，防止土地鹽堿化；節(jié)約用水
34答案：（16分） （1）D E (4分) （2）海濱浴場(chǎng)(2分) 理由:①有寬闊平坦的沙灘； ②離居民區(qū)近且環(huán)境優(yōu)美。(4分) （3）工業(yè)廢水、農(nóng)業(yè)污水、生活污水、核電站廢熱水、航運(yùn)污水等。(寫(xiě)出任三個(gè)得6分,每個(gè)2分)
35.答案：（10分）
（1）偏東風(fēng)（或東風(fēng)、東南風(fēng)、南風(fēng)，1分）
（2）工業(yè)位于城市郊區(qū)（1分） 保護(hù)城市生活環(huán)境，郊區(qū)地價(jià)低廉（1分） 工業(yè)位于交通線(xiàn)沿線(xiàn)（1分） 便于原料和產(chǎn)品運(yùn)輸（1分）
（3）鋼鐵（1分）接近煤鐵資源，交通便利，水資源豐富，且處于城市的下風(fēng)向（任答兩點(diǎn)，2分）
（4）不合理（1分） 不符合商業(yè)布局的市場(chǎng)最優(yōu)或交通最優(yōu)原則（1分）
甘肅省天水一中2009屆高三第一學(xué)期期末考試語(yǔ)文
命題：高愛(ài)琴 審核：張棟祥
（本試卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分，共150分，考試時(shí)間150分鐘。）
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題 共33分）
課題1、空氣習(xí)題課精講精練
【例題精講】
【例題1】空氣成分按體積計(jì)算，含量約占21％的氣體是（ ）
A、氧氣 B、 氮?dú)?nbsp; C、 二氧化碳 D、 稀有氣體
【解析】空氣中氮?dú)饧s占78%，氧氣約占21%，稀有氣體約占0、94%，二氧化碳約占0、03%，其他雜質(zhì)和氣體占0、03%。這些指的都是體積分?jǐn)?shù)。
【答案】A
【例題2】在充滿(mǎn)空氣的集氣瓶中（瓶底鋪一層細(xì)沙），放入一小塊白磷，用灼熱的鐵絲把白磷點(diǎn)燃并立即把瓶蓋塞緊，當(dāng)白磷燃燒停止，集氣瓶的溫度恢復(fù)到室溫時(shí)，打開(kāi)瓶塞，感到比平時(shí)費(fèi)力多了，這是為什么？
【解析】白磷燃燒前，瓶?jī)?nèi)外的壓強(qiáng)相等，打開(kāi)瓶蓋不困難。白磷燃燒消耗了瓶中的氧氣，使瓶中產(chǎn)生了負(fù)壓，即瓶中的壓強(qiáng)小于瓶外的壓強(qiáng)，所以打開(kāi)瓶塞時(shí)感到比平時(shí)費(fèi)力多了。
【答案】燃燒后瓶?jī)?nèi)壓強(qiáng)小于瓶外的壓強(qiáng)。
【例題3】空氣質(zhì)量日?qǐng)?bào)重要內(nèi)容包括：首要污染物、空氣污染指數(shù)和空氣質(zhì)量級(jí)別。
空氣質(zhì)量與空氣質(zhì)量級(jí)別的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系（表一）
空氣質(zhì)
量指數(shù)
0～50
51～100
101～150
151～200
201～250
251～300
＞300
空氣質(zhì)
量狀況
優(yōu)
良
輕度污
染Ⅰ
輕度污
染Ⅱ
中度污
染Ⅰ
中度污染Ⅱ
重度
污染
空氣質(zhì)
量級(jí)別
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Ⅳ
Ⅴ
2003年5月×日我國(guó)部分城市空氣質(zhì)量日?qǐng)?bào)（表二）
城市
首要污染物
空氣污染指數(shù)
空氣質(zhì)量級(jí)別
上海
可吸入顆粒物
111
Ⅲ輕度污染
天津
可吸入顆粒物
82
昆明
二氧化硫
61
Ⅱ良
�？�
―
24
Ⅰ優(yōu)
（1）上述城市中容易出現(xiàn)酸雨的城市是 ；
（2）請(qǐng)根據(jù)表一和表二中的內(nèi)容，確定當(dāng)日天津的空氣質(zhì)量級(jí)別，并填在表二的空格內(nèi)。
【解析】本題的關(guān)鍵是正確而有效地利用題中提供的信息，從中找出判斷空氣質(zhì)量好壞的方法和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。然后結(jié)合具體的問(wèn)題做出合理的分析判斷。注意并非空氣污染指數(shù)越高，越容易出現(xiàn)酸雨。酸雨的形成主要與大氣污染物二氧化硫有關(guān)，因此題中容易出現(xiàn)酸雨的城市不是上海，而是昆明。
【答案】（1）昆明 （2）Ⅱ良
【例題4】
（1）市場(chǎng)上銷(xiāo)售的香腸、鹽水鴨、榨菜、豆腐干等食品，常采用真空包裝、真空包裝的目的是除去空氣，使大多數(shù)微生物因缺少 氣而受到抑制，停止繁殖，同時(shí)防止食品發(fā)生緩慢氧化而變質(zhì)。
（2）茶葉、肉松、膨化食品等常采用真空充氣包裝，即將食品裝入包裝袋，抽出包裝袋內(nèi)空氣，再充入防止食品變質(zhì)的氣體，然后封口、真空充氣包裝能使食品保持原有的色、香、味及營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，防止食品受壓而破碎變形。
【提出問(wèn)題】充入食品包裝袋中的氣體是什么?
【猜想與驗(yàn)證】可能是N2，實(shí)驗(yàn)初步驗(yàn)證的方法及現(xiàn)象是 。充入的氣體還可能是：① ；② ……
【解析】本題考查學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和利用信息資料解決問(wèn)題的能力，同時(shí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生開(kāi)放性思維主動(dòng)進(jìn)行問(wèn)題探究的意識(shí)和能力。解題的關(guān)鍵是認(rèn)真閱題，理解并利用題中的信息，結(jié)合空氣組成。真空包裝和真空充氣包裝食品的共同之處都是使食品袋內(nèi)缺少氧氣和水分，這樣微生物生理活動(dòng)受到抑制，另外使食品本身不能發(fā)生緩慢氧化而變質(zhì)，從而延長(zhǎng)了保質(zhì)期。真空充氣包裝顯然不是真空，但充入的氣體應(yīng)具備不供給呼吸，化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定，不會(huì)帶來(lái)危害，又比較容易獲得等特點(diǎn)。因此猜想應(yīng)朝這方面進(jìn)行，這類(lèi)常見(jiàn)的氣體有氮?dú)夂投趸�，稀有氣體獲得較難，成本高，不考慮。這樣猜想驗(yàn)證實(shí)施，就利用氮?dú)夂投趸蓟瘜W(xué)性質(zhì)進(jìn)行比較完成。
【答案】
（1）氧
（2）將燃著的木條伸入該氣體，火焰熄滅，然后將該氣體通入澄清石灰水中，石灰水變渾濁。①氮?dú)猗诘獨(dú)夂投趸?/p>
【知識(shí)訓(xùn)練】
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)訓(xùn)練
1、關(guān)于空氣說(shuō)法中錯(cuò)誤的是（ ）
A、 空氣不是一種單一的氣體
B、造成空氣污染的氣體主要是二氧化硫、一氧化碳、二氧化氮
C、通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)得出空氣是由氧氣和氮?dú)饨M成結(jié)論的科學(xué)家是美國(guó)化學(xué)家普利斯特里
D、沒(méi)有顏色和氣味的氣體不一定是空氣
2、盛澄清石灰水的燒杯敞口放置于空氣中一段時(shí)間后變渾濁，是由于空氣中含有（ ）
A、氮?dú)?nbsp; B、氧氣 C、二氧化碳 D、水蒸氣
3、下列過(guò)程不會(huì)對(duì)空氣造成污染的是（ ）
A、人和動(dòng)物呼出的二氧化碳 B、煤燃燒產(chǎn)生的煙霧
C、汽車(chē)尾氣排放的煙霧 D、石油化工廠(chǎng)排放的廢氣
4、植樹(shù)節(jié)達(dá)到了高潮，關(guān)于植樹(shù)造林的目的，下列說(shuō)法不正確的是（ ）
A、防止沙塵暴 B、防止水土流失
C、凈化空氣 D、增加空氣中的二氧化碳含量
5、 今年3月10日，我市出現(xiàn)了大范圍的揚(yáng)沙天氣，此天氣使空氣中增加了大量的（ ）
A、 一氧化碳 B、 可吸入顆粒物
C、 二氧化氮 D、 二氧化硫
6、 在治理城市空氣污染中所采取的措施不正確的是（ ）
A、 焚燒落葉 B、 增加綠地面積
C、 減少用煤作燃料 D、、 汽車(chē)改用清潔燃料
7、
A、二氧化硫、氮?dú)�、二氧化�?nbsp; B、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、氮?dú)?/p>
C、一氧化碳、甲烷、氫氣 D、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、二氧化氮
8、空氣中一般不含有的是（ ）
A、氮?dú)?nbsp; B、氫氣 C、二氧化碳 D、稀有氣體
9、下列事實(shí)說(shuō)明空氣中含有哪些成分：
（1）人和動(dòng)植物的呼吸 ；
（2）炸脆的食物放置一段時(shí)間后變軟 ；
（3）空氣是制造氮肥的原料 ；
（4）長(zhǎng)期放置的澄清石灰水的試劑瓶?jī)?nèi)有一層白膜 。
10、小白鼠在盛有空氣的密閉容器中可以生活一段時(shí)間，說(shuō)明空氣中含有 。
綜合提高訓(xùn)練
1、許多城市禁止燃放煙花爆竹，主要原因是防止（ ）
①空氣污染； ②噪聲污染； ③發(fā)生火災(zāi)； ④污染城市環(huán)境。
A、 ①② B、 ①③ C、②③ D、①②③④
2、下列物質(zhì)的使用，能減輕污染的是（ ）
①無(wú)鉛汽油； ②無(wú)氟制冷劑； ③無(wú)磷洗衣粉； ④脫硫煤。
A、①② B、②③④ C、①②③④ D、①②③
3、現(xiàn)代人正進(jìn)入以“室內(nèi)空氣污染”為標(biāo)志的第三個(gè)污染時(shí)期，以下不屬于室內(nèi)空氣污染物的是（ ）
A、烹飪時(shí)產(chǎn)生的油煙
B、水果散發(fā)的香氣
C、石材釋放出有放射性的稀有氣體氡
D、劣質(zhì)粘合劑釋放出含有甲醛等有害氣體
4、下圖分別是地球和火星的大氣組成（體積分?jǐn)?shù)）示意圖。下列說(shuō)法正確的是（ ）
Ａ、地球和火星的大氣中O2的體積分?jǐn)?shù)相等
Ｂ、地球和火星的大氣中都含有N2
Ｃ、地球和火星的大氣中CO2的體積分?jǐn)?shù)相同
Ｄ、地球和火星的大氣組成完全相同
5、環(huán)境污染已成對(duì)人類(lèi)造成重大威脅。下列名詞與環(huán)境污染無(wú)關(guān)的是（ ）
A、潮汐 B、酸雨 C、臭氧空洞 Ｄ、工業(yè)三廢
6、“人文奧運(yùn)、綠色奧運(yùn)、科技奧運(yùn)”將成為2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的三個(gè)主題，北京將采取的下列措施中與“綠色奧運(yùn)”關(guān)系最密切的是（ ）
A、建成四通八達(dá)的快速交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)
B、綜合治理環(huán)境，實(shí)現(xiàn)天更藍(lán)、水更清、地更綠
C、進(jìn)行信息化建設(shè)，奠定“數(shù)字北京”的基礎(chǔ)
D、建設(shè)和改造水、電、氣、熱等生活設(shè)施
7、空氣的主要成分是 和 ，按體積計(jì)算約21％是 ，78％是 。已知氧氣密度為1.429克／升，氮?dú)饷芏葹?.25克／升，空氣密度為1.293克／升，若按質(zhì)量計(jì)算，空氣中氧氣 （填“＞”、“＜”或“＝”）21％。燈泡內(nèi)一般充入 或 可使燈泡耐用，這一用途是利用了上述氣體的 性質(zhì)。
8、某課外活動(dòng)小組設(shè)計(jì)了測(cè)定空氣中氧氣體積分?jǐn)?shù)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置如下：
（1）該實(shí)驗(yàn)紅磷過(guò)量的原因是 ；寫(xiě)出紅磷燃燒的文字表達(dá)式 ；
（2）待燃燒停止，白煙消失并冷卻后，打開(kāi)止水夾，觀(guān)察到燒杯中的水進(jìn)入集氣瓶，瓶?jī)?nèi)水面最終接近1處，由此可知氧氣約占空氣總體積的 。由本實(shí)驗(yàn)還可以推知氮?dú)獾哪男┬再|(zhì)？試寫(xiě)出2種 。
（3）若將紅磷換成碳粉，該實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)芊竦玫嚼硐氲慕Y(jié)果？ （填“能”或“不能”），理由是 。
【中考鏈接】
1、
2、為探究植物光合作用的原理，某校學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了如下實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置。在同樣條件下，你預(yù)測(cè)數(shù)天后植物生長(zhǎng)最茂盛的是（ ）
3、下圖是某大理石雕像分別攝于1908年、1969年的兩幅圖片。雕像的嚴(yán)重腐蝕反映出最主要的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題是什么?請(qǐng)就如何解決這一環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題提出你的建議。(至少提出兩點(diǎn))
4、某研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組設(shè)計(jì)了如下圖所示的裝置，探究空氣中氧氣的體積分?jǐn)?shù)，其中A是底面積為50 cm3、高20cm的圓筒狀玻璃容器(帶密封蓋)，上面標(biāo)有以cm為單位的刻度．B是帶刻度的敞口玻璃管(其他輔助裝置略)。他們的操作過(guò)程如下：
a、檢查裝置的氣密性；
b、加入水并調(diào)整B的高度．使A中的液面至刻度15 cm處；
c、將過(guò)量的銅粉平鋪在惰性電熱板上。蓋緊密封蓋；
d、通電加熱銅粉，待充分反應(yīng)后，冷卻到原來(lái)的狀況，調(diào)整B的高度使容器A、B中的液面保持水平，記錄液面刻度。(注：A容器內(nèi)固態(tài)物質(zhì)所占的體積忽略不計(jì))
（1）在操作a中檢查裝置氣密性的方法是 。
（2）在上述實(shí)驗(yàn)中，下列物質(zhì)不能代替銅粉的是 (填字母)。
A、紅磷 B、木炭 C、鐵粉
（3）往操作d結(jié)束時(shí)，裝置A 中液面的刻度約為 cm(填整數(shù))。如果在操作d結(jié)束時(shí)，裝置A中液面刻度在11cm處．則實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果比理論值 (填“偏大”或“偏小”)。
⑷該小組中有同學(xué)提出，用木炭代替銅粉也能測(cè)定空氣中氧氣的體積分?jǐn)?shù)．只要將水換成一種溶液，則該溶液是 ，其原因是 。
答案
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)訓(xùn)練
1、C（通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明空氣成分的科學(xué)家是法國(guó)的拉瓦錫）
2、C（二氧化碳和澄清石灰水反應(yīng)變渾濁）
3、A（其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均可污染空氣）
4、D（植物光合作用吸入二氧化碳，釋放氧氣，而并非增加空氣中的二氧化碳）
5、B（揚(yáng)沙是可吸入顆粒物）
6、A（燃燒落葉會(huì)有害氣體及粉塵的產(chǎn)生，導(dǎo)致空氣污染）
7、D（污染空氣的三種氣體是：二氧化硫、一氧化碳、二氧化氮）
8、B（根據(jù)空氣組成判斷）
9、【答案】
（1）氧氣；
（2）水蒸氣；
（3）氮?dú)猓?/p>
（4）二氧化碳
10、【答案】氧氣（氧氣支持呼吸）
綜合知識(shí)訓(xùn)練
1、D（煙花爆竹導(dǎo)致上述四個(gè)原因，污染有大氣污染、食品污染、噪聲污染等）
2、C（①②④減輕空氣污染；③減輕水污染）
3、B
4、B（分析圖形進(jìn)行比較）
5、A（酸雨、臭氧空洞、工業(yè)三廢都是污染導(dǎo)致或能引起污染的）
6、B
7、【答案】氮?dú)�、氧氣，氧氣、氮�(dú)猓荆ㄔO(shè)空氣的體積為V，氧氣的質(zhì)量為1、429×21%×V，空氣質(zhì)量為1、293×V，得出氧氣的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為：（1、429×21%×V）÷（1、293×V）=23、2%＞21%）；氮?dú)夂拖∮袣怏w或稀有氣體；性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定，不易與其他物質(zhì)反應(yīng)。
8、【答案】
（1）保證瓶?jī)?nèi)的氧氣全部消耗完，紅磷+氧氣
五氧化二磷
（2）1/5，不能助燃、不溶于水（或化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定），不能，碳粉燃燒生成二氧化碳?xì)怏w，瓶?jī)?nèi)氣體體積無(wú)明顯的變化，不能形成壓強(qiáng)差。
【中考鏈接答案】
1、【解析】解題的關(guān)鍵是了解人類(lèi)面臨的空氣污染主要有粉塵和有害氣體（包括CO、SO2、NO2等氮氧化合物）。對(duì)空氣污染因素種類(lèi)很多，要明確和層次分明。一定要注意CO2雖然在空氣的含量過(guò)多會(huì)引起溫室效應(yīng)，但它不是空氣污染物。另外此題要解答的是氣體污染物，而不是固體懸浮物―煙塵。
【答案】 CO、SO2、NO2等氮氧化合物中的一種或名稱(chēng)。
2、【解析】氫氧化鈉可以吸收二氧化碳?xì)怏w，濃硫酸可以吸水，所以B、C的植物生長(zhǎng)的不好，而D只有水，植物生長(zhǎng)得也不會(huì)很好，A中雪碧飲料既能產(chǎn)生二氧化碳又有水，所以A數(shù)天后植物生長(zhǎng)最茂盛。
3、【解析】大理石不溶于水，但圖示告訴我們她溶于酸，這樣可知道大理石雕像被腐蝕應(yīng)該是空氣污染后產(chǎn)生的酸雨所造成的。聯(lián)系空氣污染會(huì)引起酸雨的是SO2和NO2，這些氣體來(lái)自于工廠(chǎng)的廢氣和燃燒含硫、氮的化石燃料燃燒所至。這樣就找到了解題的方向。
【答案】此圖反映出環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題是：酸雨問(wèn)題。
建議：限制含硫煤的使用；化工廠(chǎng)尾氣處理達(dá)標(biāo)后排放；使用綠色能源；汽車(chē)尾氣經(jīng)處理后排放。
4、【解析】檢驗(yàn)裝置的氣密性必須要形成封閉體系，所以要往B中加水，使A、B液面保持水平，蓋緊 A的密封蓋，再向B中加水，使B中的液面高于A，一段時(shí)間后B中液面不下降，則氣密性好。要測(cè)定空氣中氧氣的體積分?jǐn)?shù)，應(yīng)選擇能和氧氣反應(yīng)，產(chǎn)生固體的物質(zhì)，木炭和氧氣生成二氧化碳?xì)怏w，所以不能選擇。因空氣的氧氣約占1/5，反應(yīng)后裝置A體積縮小1/5即3mL，為12mL，現(xiàn)為11mL，故實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果比理論值偏大。若要用木炭粉代替銅粉，要把水換成能吸收二氧化碳的試劑即石灰水或氫氧化鈉溶液。
【答案】
（1）往B中加水，使A、B液面保持水平，蓋緊 A的密封蓋，再向B中加水，使B中的液面高于A，一段時(shí)間后B中液面不下降，則氣密性好。(或往B中加水，使A、B液面保持水平，蓋緊A的密封蓋，再用手捂住A的外壁，若B中的液面上升，則氣密性好。)
（2）B
（3）12 ，偏大
（4）澄清石灰水或氫氧化鈉溶液， 用石灰水或氫氧化鈉吸收反應(yīng)生成的二氧化碳。
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