1. Finding her car stolen, ____. (2001 上海)

　　　 A. a policeman was asked to help

　　　 B. the area was searched thoroughly

　　　 C. it was looked for everywhere

　　　 D. she hurried to a policeman for help

2. I will do everything I can to help you.

　 我會(huì)竭盡全力幫助你。

　 do everything / all / what one can to do sth. else = do as

　 much as one can to do sth. = spare no pains to do sth.

　 在do everything / all one can to do sth. else 結(jié)構(gòu)中，

　 everything，all后省略了關(guān)聯(lián)詞that，can后省略了

　 do，這兒的不定式to do表示目的。

　　 He will do everything / all / what he can to catch up with

　　 his classmates.

　　 他竭盡全力趕上他的同學(xué)。

　　 We should do　 as　 much as　 we　 can to make　 our

　　 hometown more and more beautiful.

我們要竭盡全力把我們的家鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)得越來越美麗。

[句型歸納]

[考點(diǎn)1]Located in southern Austria, Kitzbuhel is a par-

adise for skiers. 坐落在奧地利南部的Kitzbuhei是一個(gè)

滑雪者的樂園。

本句中，要注意非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語的用法。非渭語動(dòng)

詞作狀語時(shí)，修飾謂語，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。

在使用時(shí)，要根據(jù)它跟句子主語的邏輯關(guān)系確定其形

式為現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞還是動(dòng)詞不定式。例如：

Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beau-

tiful. 從山頂上看，公園更漂亮。(動(dòng)詞see和句子的主

語we是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞Seen)

Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see a more beau-

tiful park. 從山頂上看，公園更漂亮。(動(dòng)詞see和句子

的主語the park是主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞Seeing)

[考例1](2004上海)Having been attacked by terror-

ists, ____.

　　 A. doctors came to their rescue

　　 B. the tall building collapsed

　　 C. an emergency measure was taken

　　 D. warnings were given to tourists

[考查目標(biāo)] 本題考查考生對(duì)非謂語動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用能力。

[答案與解析]B　 非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)，跟句子的主語

構(gòu)成邏輯關(guān)系。Having been attacked by terrorists為

分詞作原因狀語，通過對(duì)本句的分析不難看出只有the

tall building才是attack的對(duì)象。

[考點(diǎn)2]By comparing prices and offers．you can also

make your travel budget last longer. 通過比較價(jià)格和條

件．你也可以使你的預(yù)算更節(jié)省。

本句中，by相當(dāng)于by means of，意為“用；由”，表示方

法、原因、手段，與動(dòng)詞-ing形式連用。例如：

You must learn spoken English by speaking a lot. 要想

提高英語口語水平，你得多說。

Learning by doing is a good way to learn a skill. 學(xué)會(huì)技

巧的良好方法就是在做中學(xué)。

[考例2](2001京、皖春招) One learns a language by

making mistakes and ____ them.

　　 A. correct　　 B. correcting

　　 C. corrects　　 D. to correct

[考查目標(biāo)] 本題考查考生對(duì)非謂語動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用能力。

[答案與解析]B　 介詞后應(yīng)接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，并

要求在結(jié)構(gòu)上一致。此題中，by后有兩個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語

作賓語。

[考點(diǎn)3]Ever since the Civil War。the South has strug-

gled to find ways t0 deal with its troubled past. 自美國內(nèi)

戰(zhàn)以來。美國南部就一直爭取找到處理動(dòng)亂的過去的

方式。

ever since “從那時(shí)起一直到現(xiàn)在；此后一直”，既可以單

獨(dú)使用．也可跟句子或名詞。例如：

He went to Paris in 1 960 and has lived there ever since.

1960年他去了巴黎，此后一直住在那里。

I have been working as a teacher ever since my gradua-

tion. 從畢業(yè)時(shí)起，我一直在當(dāng)教師。

[考例3](2004上海) The first use of atomic weapons

was in 1945,and their power ____ increased enor-

mously ever since.

　　 A. is　　 B. was

　　 C. has been　　 D. had been

[考查目標(biāo)] 本題考查考生對(duì)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的辨析和運(yùn)用能

力

[答案與解析]C　 本題的關(guān)鍵在于抓住信息詞ever

since(自此以后，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài))。

[考點(diǎn)4]Bison were killed for their meat, while their fur

provided warm clothing during coId winters. 野牛被殺了

吃肉。同時(shí)皮毛被制成御寒的冬衣o

while 為并列連詞，連接并列句，意為“而，卻”，表示句

子前后意義上的對(duì)比。

[考例4](NMET 1995) She thought I was talking

about her daughter, ____ in fact, I was talking

　about my ddughter.

　　 A. whom　　 B. where

　　 C. which　 D. while

[考查目標(biāo)] 本題考查連詞的區(qū)別。

[答案與解析]D　 選項(xiàng)A中的whom指人；選項(xiàng)B中

的where指地方；選項(xiàng) C 中的which指哪一個(gè)；只有選

項(xiàng)D中的while表示轉(zhuǎn)折．符合句子的語境：“她認(rèn)為

我在說她的女兒，而實(shí)際上。我是在說我自己的女兒�！�

[牛刀小試3]

1. I'm so sorry.

　 [辨析](I'm) sorry. 和 Excuse me. 和 (I beg your)

　 pardon.

　 1)當(dāng)做錯(cuò)了事或說錯(cuò)了話之后表示歉意時(shí)，常用

　 (I'm) sorry.

　 Oh, sorry, I have kept you waiting so long.

　 對(duì)不起，讓你久等了。

　 I'm sorry, but I can't go to the office today.

　 對(duì)不起，我今天不能去上班。

　 [注意] 有時(shí)沒有理解或聽清對(duì)方的話時(shí)，也可說

　 I'm sorry. 或 Sorry.

　 Sorry, I didn't quite catch you just now.

　 對(duì)不起，我剛才沒聽到你說的話。

　 2) 當(dāng)要說的話、做的事可能引起對(duì)方不便或可能打

　 擾對(duì)方時(shí)，或者要引起對(duì)方注意時(shí)，事先常說Excuse

　 me.

　 Excuse me, is this watch yours?

　 請(qǐng)問，這是你的手表嗎?

　 Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station?

　 Excuse me, just a moment.

　 3) 比較正式的場(chǎng)合常用I beg your pardon. 也可以說

　 Beg your pardon. 或 Pardon. 它可以用在下面幾種場(chǎng)

　 合：做了錯(cuò)事道歉時(shí)；談話中提出異議以前；沒聽清

　 對(duì)方的話，希望對(duì)方重復(fù)一遍時(shí)。

　 I beg your pardon, he was not there.

　 Pardon, could you say it again?

5. manage, try

　 manage (to do) sth. 意為“克服困難，經(jīng)過努力后設(shè)

　 法完成或做到某事”，含有成功之意。

　 He managed to organize a live concert. = He succeeded

　 in organizing a live concert.

　 他終于組織了一場(chǎng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演唱會(huì)。

　 try to do sth. 意為“試圖做，盡力做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，

　 是否成功，并不肯定。

　 He tried to work it out, but he failed.

　 他盡力去解決，但沒結(jié)果。

　 try (doing) sth. 嘗試(做)某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)方式。

　　 ☆句型詮釋☆

4. advise, suggest

　 advise 與 suggest 都可作“建議”講，二者用法有同有

　 異。

　 (1) 相同點(diǎn)

　 表示建議做某事，advise 與 suggest 都可采用下列三

　 種句型：

　 ① + 名詞

　 ② + 動(dòng)名詞

　 ③ + that從句(從句中常用should加動(dòng)詞原形，

　 should可以省略。)

　 He advised / suggested an early start.

　 他建議早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。

　 He advised / suggested (our) starting early.

　 他建議我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身。

　 He advised / suggested that we (should) start early.

　 他建議我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身。

　 [注意]只要是用從句表示建議該做的事，從句中就

　 可用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。

　 上面的第三句可轉(zhuǎn)化為：

　 It was suggested that we (should) start early.

　 What he suggested was that we (should) start early.

　 His suggestion was that we (should) start early.

　 (2) 不同點(diǎn)

　 ① advise 后可以跟人稱代詞作賓語，而 suggest 后不

　 可以跟人稱代詞作賓語。故可以說：

　 advise sb. to do sth.；advise sb. against (doing) sth.；

　 advise sb. on / about sth.；suggest (to sb.) that...

　 前三種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可將 advise 改為 suggest。

　 他建議我們?nèi)�參觀博物館。

　 [正] He advised uS to go to visit the museum.

　 [誤] He suggested us to go to visit the museum.

　 [誤]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.

　 ② suggest 還有“暗示、表明、說、指出 (一個(gè)事實(shí))”的

　 意思。此時(shí)從句中用陳述語氣，不用虛擬語氣。

　 The smile on hisface suggested that he was pleased.

　 他臉上的笑容表明他很滿意。

　 Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that

　 the patient was seriously ill.

　 細(xì)心檢查之后，醫(yī)生指出病人病得很厲害。(句中

　 suggest 陳述了一個(gè)事實(shí)，故用陳述語氣。) 比較：

　 Having examined earefully, the doctor suggested that

　 the patient be operated on at once. (句中suggest表示

　 建議該做某事，從句中用should加動(dòng)詞原形，should

　 在從句中省略。)

3. provide, supply, offer

　 provide vt. 供給；提供

n. The hotel will provide tents.

這個(gè)賓館會(huì)給我們提供帳篷。

n. + for sb. = sb. + with sth.

They provide food aud books for the children.

他們給孩子們提供食物和書本。

= They provide the children with food and books.

provide for 贍養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)

He had to provide for a big family.

他得撫莽一個(gè)大家庭。

supply vt. 提供……；供給……

supply n. / sth. to sb. = sb. with sth.

They didn't supply those children with books for

studying.

他們沒有給那些孩子提供學(xué)習(xí)用書。

= They didn't supply books to those children for

studying．

offer n. (主動(dòng))提出(給予)(做某事)

offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.

I've been offered a job in Japan.

我已經(jīng)在日本找到了一份工作。

offer to do sth. 主動(dòng)提出做某事。

He provide for his family by working in a bookshop.

The water supply here is good.

　 They offered him a lift, but he didn't accept.

2. dare, need

　 dare和need這兩個(gè)詞的用法有它們獨(dú)特的地方。

　 詞性有兩種而且不同的詞性決定了，它們不同的用

　 法。對(duì)中學(xué)生來講掌握它們的用法有一定的難度，

　 重點(diǎn)難在對(duì)詞性的判斷，它們町以作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用

　 (其后不帶to)，又可以作為行為動(dòng)詞用(后面要帶

　 t0)。

　 Something is wrong with my watch. It needs

　 repairing.

　 I don't dare to ask the teachers for advice in the office.

　 He needs to come to school to give us a lecture on how

　 to learn English.

　 She dare not make loud noise while her father is

　 sleeping．

1. be known as, be known for, be known to, be known

　 by

　 be known by 憑……而被知道

　 be known for 因……而著名

　 be known to 為……所知

　 be known as 以……知名；被認(rèn)為是；稱為

　 makeoneself knownto sb. 向某人作自我介紹

　 make sth．known to sb. 把某事(向某人)公布

　 The African lion is known as the king of the forest.

5. The light bulb m the bathroom ____ and Father

　 put in a new one.

　　 A. burned down　　 B. burned off

　　 C. burned up　　 D. burned out

　　 ☆詞語比較☆

4. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he

　 was ____ from the outside world．

　　 A. knocked off　　 B. driven off

　　 C. cut off　　 D. broken off