7. Any driver _______ a license ought to be punished.

　A. doesn't have B. having no C. has not D. not having

　Key: 1-4 DBCC 5-7 BAD

6. It rained heavily, _______ severe (嚴(yán)重的) flooding in the country.

　A. causing B. to cause C. caused D. being caused

5. _______ the idiom, he looked it up in the dictionary.

　A. Not learning

　B. Never having learned

　C. Having learned

　D. Having been learned

4. _______ your homework, you mustn't listen to the music.

　A. When do B. When to do C. When doing D. When you doing

3.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.

　A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added

2. The secretary worked late into the night, _______ a long speech for the president.

　A. who prepars B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing

1. -You are brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

　-Well, now I regret _______ that.

　A. to do B. to be doing C. have done D. having done

4. 作狀語

　現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語可以表示伴隨、原因、條件、結(jié)果等。如:

　All the students sat in the classroom, waiting for their new teacher to come. 所有的學(xué)生都坐在教室里等待新老師的到來。 (伴隨)

　Not having received his reply, she decided to write a second letter. (由于)沒有收到他的回信,她決定再寫一封。 (原因)

　Seeing from the top of the hill, you can find the city more beautiful. (如果)從小山頂上看,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這座城市更美麗。(條件)

　My parents went to a birthday party yesterday, leaving me alone at home. 昨天我父母去參加一個生日舞會,留下我一個人在家。(結(jié)果)

　值得注意的是,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時如果句中主語不是自己的邏輯主語,也可以帶自己的主語,構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu).此外, 現(xiàn)在分詞也可以用在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中表示其邏輯主語是分詞動作的發(fā)出者。如:

　Weather permitting, we will go out for a picnic tomorrow. 如果明天天氣允許的話,我們將去野餐。(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))

　With a guide leading the way, we found the village easily. 由于有向?qū)б��?我們輕易就找到了那個村莊。(含with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語)

　實踐演練:

3. 作賓語補足語

　動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補表明賓語正在進(jìn)行的動作。可以帶現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的動詞有find, see, hear, watch, have, get, catch, keep, leave等。如:

　When I came in, I found him lying in bed. 我進(jìn)來時發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在床上。

2. 作表語

　現(xiàn)在分詞作表語表示主語的性質(zhì),這時通�？梢钥醋餍稳菰~,可以用very, so或much等修飾。如:

　The news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我們隊在比賽中被他們打敗的消息讓人感到很意外。

　The sound we heard last night was so frightening. 我們昨晚聽到的聲音令人恐怖。

　現(xiàn)在分詞作表語與現(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)表達(dá)的意義是不同的.作表語,說明主語具備的性質(zhì),描述的是一種狀態(tài);而與助動詞be構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)和過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)則強調(diào)動作正在發(fā)生,側(cè)重對動作的描述。試比較:

　Mr. Zhang is encouraging his students to study English thoroughly. 張老師在鼓勵學(xué)生們學(xué)好英語.

　The book is very interesting. 這本書很有趣。